tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1536700974321182632023-07-17T21:53:50.592-07:00Best essay writing servicesTopic Sentence Of An Essay Examplespromunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.comBlogger149125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-42943902723676555902020-08-23T01:07:00.001-07:002020-08-23T01:07:31.779-07:00Alexander Graham Bell Essay -- Biography Biographies Bell EssaysAlexander Graham Bell Works Cited Missing The significance of Alexander Graham Bell on todayââ¬â¢s society is noticeable, or rather discernible, consistently and all over the place. Above all else, Alexander Graham Bell was a productive instructor of the hard of hearing. This is the thing that he viewed as his actual lifeââ¬â¢s work, yet just one of the numerous significant things he did. Through his exploration of discourse and sound, and his innovative psyche, he would get one of the most compelling innovators in present day history. His own meaning of a designer, ââ¬Å"A man who views the world and isn't satisfied with things as they seem to be. He needs to improve whatever he sees, he needs to profit the world.â⬠suits him well. Everything that he did affected somebody. à à à à à Alexander Graham Bell was conceived in Edinburgh, Scotland, to a group of discourse instructors. His dad, Melville Bell, had concocted Visible Speech, a code of images for every single expressed sound that was utilized in showing hard of hearing individuals to speak (Clarke 15). His mom was hard of hearing, this lead Melville and Alexander to investigation in the subject. Alexander Bell learned at Edinburgh University in 1864 and helped his dad at University College, London, from 1868-70. During these years he turned out to be profoundly keen on the investigation of sound and the mechanics of discourse, motivated to some extent by the acoustic tests of German physicist Hermann Von Helmholtz, which gave Bell broadcasting discourse (Paschoff 18). à à à à à When youthful Bellââ¬â¢s two siblings kicked the bucket of tuberculosis, Melville Bell took his residual family to the more beneficial atmosphere of Canada in 1870. From that point, Aleck Bell traveled to Boston, Massachusetts, in 1871 and joined the staff of the Boston School for the Deaf. The next year, Bell opened his own school in Boston for preparing instructors of the hard of hearing. In 1873 he turned into an educator of vocal physiology at Boston University, and he likewise mentored private students as a side activity (Clarke 15, 16). à à à à à Bellââ¬â¢s enthusiasm for discourse and correspondence drove him to research the transmission of sound over wires. Specifically, he tried different things with improvement of the symphonious message a gadget that could send numerous messages simultaneously over a solitary wire. Chime additionally worked with the chance of transmitting the human voice, trying different things with vibrating films and a genuine human ear. Chime even controlled his pooches vocal ropes so that wh... ...ng blares and sounds through phone lines to different PCs that disentangle the signals and sounds into information. This would not be conceivable if Bell hadnââ¬â¢t made sense of how to transmit these sounds. Something very similar goes for radios and mobile phones and TVs. The speakers in these gadgets are totally made conceivable by the understanding that Bell obtained of sounds and transmitting them through electrical gadgets. à à à à à Alexander Graham Bell was a man of warmth and human feebleness, cherished by his significant other, youngsters, and grandkids. His life seemed to show the unity of the world. He was cheered at shows, extolled at logical gatherings, and searched out by columnists. He and his better half joined two various and affectionate families. Youngsters, particularly those of his own more distant family, adored him. His marriage was a model of commitment all through its forty-five years. He was ostensibly an individual from a greater number of clubs and different associations than he could review at some random time, and he was dynamic in various them (Allen 70,71). He was substantially more than one of the most powerful creators of present day history, he was an incredible Husband, a guide for youth, a model resident, and an astounding instructor. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-86185748735869374172020-08-21T22:49:00.001-07:002020-08-21T22:49:27.344-07:00Types of Sustainable EnergyKinds of Sustainable Energy Sunlight based Energy Sun oriented vitality is devouring sunbeams it changed by utilizing N-type and P-type semiconductor materials.â When the daylight is enraptured by these materials, the sunlight based vitality hits electrons free from the molecules, permitting the electrons to stream into the material to create electricity.â This strategy is known as the photovoltaic effect.â Solar boards is the most well known method of changing over light to vitality with the utilization of bright and infrared light can be changed over into reusable vitality. There are an assortment of advances that have been created to exploit sun oriented vitality, which incorporate sun based high temp water warming boiling water with sun oriented vitality, the utilization of sun oriented to deliver power and sunlight based vitality to warmth and cool homes and places of business. Geothermal Energy This vitality is the glow from the earth.â It has benefits as it is spotless and sustainable.â Resources of geothermal vitality run from the low ground to boiling water and hot rocks found a couple of miles underneath the earths surface and down considerably more profound to the very high temperatures of liquid stone called magma.â The shallow ground as well as upper 10 feet of the earths surface keep up an almost consistent temp somewhere in the range of 50 and 60 degrees F (10 to 16 centigrade).â Geothermal warmth siphons can be taken advantage of to warmth and cool structures. Geothermal warmth siphons can take advantage of this asset to warmth and cool structures. A geothermal warmth siphon framework comprises of a warmth siphon, an air conveyance framework (ventilation work), and a warmth exchanger-an arrangement of funnels covered in the shallow ground close to the structure. In the winter, the warmth siphon expels heat from the warmth exchanger and siphons it into the indoor air conveyance framework. In the mid year, the procedure is turned around, and the warmth siphon moves heat from the indoor air into the warmth exchanger. The warmth expelled from the indoor air throughout the mid year can likewise be utilized to give a free wellspring of high temp water. Hydroelectric Energy Streaming water makes vitality that can be caught and transformed into power. This is called hydroelectric force or hydropower. The most widely recognized kind of hydroelectric force plant utilizes a dam on a stream to store water in a supply. Water discharged from the store moves through a turbine, turning it, which thus actuates a generator to deliver power. However, hydroelectric force doesnt essentially require a huge dam. Some hydroelectric force plants simply utilize a little trench to channel the waterway water through a turbine. Another sort of hydroelectric force plant called a siphoned stockpiling plant can even store power. The force is sent from a force network into the electric generators. The generators at that point turn the turbines in reverse, which makes the turbines siphon water from a waterway or lower repository to an upper supply, where the force is put away. To utilize the force, the water is discharged from the upper store down into the stream or lower supply. This twists the turbines forward, actuating the generators to deliver power. A little or small scale hydroelectric force framework can create enough power for a home, homestead, or farm. Biomass Energy We have utilized biomass vitality or bio vitality, the vitality from natural issue for a huge number of years, since the time individuals began consuming wood to prepare food or to keep warm.â Today wood is as yet our biggest biomass vitality asset, yet different kinds of assets would now be able to be utilized this incorporates plants, deposits from agribusiness or ranger service and the components of mechanical waste.â Even the exhaust from landfills can be utilized as a biomass vitality source. The utilization of this reusable vitality can conceivably diminish our ozone depleting substance emanations and produces a similar carbon monoxide as non-renewable energy sources yet every time a plant develops, carbon monoxide is expelled from the climate. Wind Energy Wind turbines, similar to windmills, are mounted on a pinnacle to catch the most vitality. At 100 feet (30 meters) or increasingly over-the-ground, they can exploit the quicker and less fierce breeze. Turbines get the breezes vitality with their propeller-like cutting edges. Generally, a few sharp edges are mounted on a pole to shape a rotor. A cutting edge acts a lot of like a plane wing. At the point when the breeze blows, a pocket of low-pressure air frames on the downwind side of the cutting edge. The low-pressure air pocket at that point pulls the sharp edge toward it, making the rotor turn.â The power of the lift is a lot more grounded than the breezes power against the front side of the cutting edge, which is called drag. The mix of lift and drag makes the rotor turn like a propeller, and the turning shaft turns a generator to make power. Wind turbines can be utilized as independent applications, or they can be associated with an utility force lattice or even joined with a photovoltaic (sun oriented cell) framework. For utility-scale wellsprings of wind vitality, many breeze turbines are typically manufactured near one another to shape a breeze plant. A few power suppliers today use wind plants to gracefully capacity to their clients. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-57907036110267267142020-07-09T20:06:00.001-07:002020-07-09T20:06:03.825-07:00How The Courts Have Developed The Law In Relation To Claims For Psychiatric Harm By Secondary Victims - Free Essay Example Date authored: 12 th August, 2014. Introduction There has been judicial comment in Australia that in relation to claims for psychiatric harm, the law has progressed haphazardly or pragmatically rather than logically or scientifically: [1] ââ¬Å"The ways in which the law of liability for nervous shock has been developed by courts in England and here, and extended to new situations, have been empirical, with results and limitations that appear as pragmatically rather than as logical applications of principle.â⬠The development of the common law in Australia in relation to secondary victims, particularly under the law of negligence, has seen a gradual liberalising or expansion of the categories for recovery in recent years, most notably in the High Court decisions of Tame and Annetts [2] and Gifford [3] . This has, to some extent, been in response to a traditional reluctance by the Courts to allow secondary victims to recover for mental due to a perceived flood of imaginary claims. [4] The view used to be held that ââ¬Ënervous shock without physical symptoms was not compensable at law, but it has long been recognised that mental harm has the same status in torts law as physical harm. [5] A secondary victim is understood in this context to mean a person who suffers a ââ¬Ërecognisable psychiatric injury, [6] typically as a consequence of perceiving injury to another, but not necessarily at the impact scene or its aftermath. The fear of an avalanche or flood of mental harm cases led to policy restrictions or control mechanisms being imposed, including that the secondary victim must suffer ââ¬Ësudden shock, be a witness to the accident scene or its aftermath, or be in a relationship having close ties of love and affection with the primary victim. The view that that the conditions for recovery have been unduly restrictive and led to arbitrary decisions seems to have been exacerbated by a lack of predictability in the common law applying said control mechanisms, as well as by a lack of uniformity on the part of the State and Territory legislatures in responding to the ââ¬Ëinsurance crisis of 2002, which sparked fears that the law was moving too fast to award damages to new classes of plaintiff. [7] The foregoing matters will be discussed under the following headings: 1. Requirement of Sudden Shock 2. Requirement of Proximity 3. Requirement of Relationship 4. Foreseeability ââ¬â Person of ââ¬ËNormal Fortitude 5. Statutory Restrictions Conclusion. 1. Requirement of Sudden Shock The first control mechanism restricting recovery for both primary and secondary victims is the requirement that there can be no liability in the absence of a sudden shock to the nervous system. [8] The limitation can be traced back to Brennan Js interpretation of the case law in Jaensch v Coffey [9] and has been applied in numerous subsequent decisions. [10] However, there are exceptions to the general principle such as the ââ¬Ëwork stress cases [11] and ââ¬Ëfear for the future cases. [12] The shock must in reality be a psychiatric illness of a lasting and clinical nature. It is clear that from the 1970s judges have required plaintiffs to be suffering a ââ¬Ërecgonisable psychiatric illnessâ⬠, [13] (although McHugh and Callinan JJ in retain the use of ââ¬Å"nervous shockâ⬠in Tame and Gifford [14] ), in order for the harm to be compensable. Medical consensus suggests that lasting damage does not occur in ââ¬Ënormal i ndividuals. [15] It is therefore inappropriate to insist that an immediate reaction such as a sudden sensory perception be a prerequisite to recovery. This was the conclusion reached by a majority of the High Court in Tame. [16] However, the sudden shock rule remains relevant as a factor in determining whether psychiatric injury was reasonably foreseeable, as subsequently confirmed by the Civil Liability Acts. [17] The sudden shock rule is perhaps a striking example of the pragmatic and unscientific development of the common law. It is possible that this principle may yet operate to deny recovery or at least will operate unpredictably, turning upon the particular facts and evidence of each case. 2. Requirement of Proximity The common law has, however, gradually relaxed the restriction that, in order to recover, the plaintiff be present at the impact scene. [18] That process began in 1925 with Hambrook v Stokes in which a mother recovered for shock she suffered from fear for her own and her childrens safety from a runaway lorry. [19] The requirement that the plaintiff had to be present at the scene and witness the accident was gradually extended to witnessing the aftermath at the scene, extended to witnessing the aftermath at hospital during the immediate post-accident treatment. [20] The High Court suggested in Jeansch [21] that absence by the relative from the accident scene might not be a bar to recovery. In Annetts, [22] the Court finally removed the direct perception requirement as a bar to recovery. The aftermath requirement would always be a limitation in borderline cases, penalising family and friends who are too affected by shock and grief to go to the scene o r a bar where there is no aftermath or no scene to perceive (as in Annetts, in which the body was not discovered at the time of the shocking event). [23] However, the gradual innovation of the common law has been complicated by the legislative response to the insurance crisis of 2002. The Civil Liability Acts (and variants) were legislated in each jurisdiction as a response to perceptions that the common law was moving too fast to allow new classes of plaintiffs to recover, including secondary victims. [24] Earlier legislation [25] provided that family members (other than parents, spouse and close family) were required to be within sight or hearing of the accident in order to recover. [26] Under the common law, that requirement was effectively removed as a condition for recovery by the High Court in Annetts and Gifford. At the time of the Gifford decision the Civil Liability Act 2002 took effect which excludes compensatory recovery for a person who is n ot a witness at the scene nor a à §lose family member. [27] Yet similar provisions of other States do permit recovery for a plaintiff who witnessed the immediate aftermath [28] , or who was ââ¬Ëpresent at the scene. [29] The civil liability provisions differ across jurisdictions creating disunity and much less predictability across Australia for secondary victims who suffer mental harm. 3. Requirement of Relationship Another limiting factor is that the plaintiff must have a close tie of relationship or care with the primary victim. Relationship is likely to lead to a conclusion in which there was foreseeability (which appears to be the predominant view in the UK authorities). [30] However, it is just as foreseeable that a harm could be suffered by those unrelated to the primary victim. Thus in Australia, Deane J in Jaensch was of the view that close ties of love and affection should override the direct perception limitation on reasonable foreseeability. [31] It is clear from Gifford that the absence of a pre-existing relationship is not a bar to recovery. [32] Involuntary participants is another category in which the shock stems from an apprehension that the plaintiff is the involuntary cause of injury to another. [33] Legislative reforms introduced as a result of the insurance crisis of 2002 has complicated the picture. For example, the Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) restricts the class of plaintiffs to a ââ¬Å"close member of the familyâ⬠(parent, spouse, partner, child, stepchild, brother, sister, half-brother, half-sister, step-brother/sister) [34] , in contrast with earlier legislation which said that the defendants liability extended to those cases, and also to ââ¬Å"any other member of the familyâ⬠who saw or heard the plaintiff injured or put in peril. [35] Yet, somewhat haphazardly, the categories of potential claimants differ across jurisdictions. In Victoria, for example, the plaintiff must be or have been in ââ¬Å"a close relationship with the victimâ⬠. [36] Yet ââ¬Å"close relationshipâ⬠is not defined, leaving it open for the courts to interpret the categories more expansively beyond family relationships to perhaps those with ââ¬Å"close ties of love and affectionâ⬠[37] as giving rise to a duty of care. 4. Foreseeability ââ¬â Person of ââ¬ËNormal Fortitude The doctrine that the shock must have been foreseeable to a person of normal fortitude acts as a control mechanism against unduly burdening human activity by indiscriminate claims of exposing others to the risk of mental harm. Such claims could interfere with otherwise tolerable conduct, such as making a loud noise which could cause a person peculiarly vulnerable to suffer shock. [38] Yet the onus of proving a special vulnerability lies on the defendant [39] who takes the victim as they are found. [40] However, the normal fortitude test has been criticised as unscientific and impracticable to apply, as it depends upon arbitrary judge-made distinctions as to what is ââ¬Ënormal along a ââ¬Ëslippery slope of psychiatric abnormality. [41] Yet under negligence law the foreseeability test is necessarily concerned with a balancing exercise by the Courts to assess whether a reasonable person would recognise an act or omission as posing an unreasonable risk of harm to a normal person [42] . The Courts do not insist upon foreseeing the specific kind of psychiatric damage, rather, if compensable mental harm is foreseeable, the predisposition is necessarily included. [43] Thus the High Court in Tame clarified the fortitude principle by establishing that the test is merely one consideration within reasonable foreseeability. [44] Whilst that consideration did not alter the outcome in Tame, it seems a sensible solution to a complex problem. 5. Statutory Restrictions However, statutory law has returned to the old test in respect of ordinary fortitude. At the time of the Tame decision in 2002 there was a nationwide concern as to the way in which the law of negligence was operating in personal injury cases, with the effect of driving up insurance premiums and making it difficult to obtain liability cover (eg. in the practice of medicine). The Commonwealth Government appointed a panel to review the law of negligence and the resultant report recommended greater restrictions to recovery in some areas. In the area of foreseeability of mental harm to primary and secondary victims the panel urged that: ââ¬Å"a person (the defendant does not owe another (the plaintiff) a duty to take care not to cause the plaintiff pure mental harm unless the defendant ought to have foreseen that a person of normal fortitude might, in the circumstances, suffer a recognised psychiatric illness if reasonable care was not taken.â⬠[45] Civil liabilit y legislation in six Australian jurisdictions subsequently adopted a general principle which closely resembled this formulation. [46] The principle that if the defendant knows or ought to know that the plaintiff is a person of less than normal fortitude is specifically preserved. However, the re-formulation by eh High Court in Tame is pointedly ignored. The change in the law effected is to limit the principle that where a plaintiff suffers personal injury, there can be recovery for all consequential harm, physical or mental. That limitation had not previously been imposed by the common law and is viewed as a way of reducing the size of damages awards. [47] The result of these legislative reforms in response to the insurance crisis is that Australian personal injury law restricts recovery to claimants previously classified by the common law as deserving in a range of situations, but in a way which is far from consistent across jurisdictions. Conclusion In many ways, the common law has developed incrementally in the area of psychiatric harm by showing innovation. For example, in Tame and Gifford in removing the proximity requirement and focussing more on the relationship between primary and secondary victim as the touchstone for reasonable foreseeability. In that sense, the common law has come a long way since the Coultas decision in recognising the particularly devastating nature of psychiatric injury. However, such developments are coloured by the response of the legislatures to the insurance crisis of 2002. The Civil Liability Acts across the Australian jurisdictions are characterised by a lack of consistency and uniformity in approach, and in some cases went beyond the recommendations of the panel Report. For example, seemingly outdated legal rules such as the ââ¬Ësudden shock requirement persist, and a person unrelated to the plaintiff present at the aftermath may be permitted to recover damages for psychiatric harm in Tasmania, but not in New South wales. This disunited and unsatisfactory state of Australian law will await a legislative solution in the future, and will continue to pose challenges for the Courts as they proceed ââ¬Å"step by cautious stepâ⬠to develop the foregoing policy considerations in ways which will deliver appropriate and just outcomes for deserving secondary victims. Bibliography Butler, D. A ââ¬ËKind of Damage: Removing the ââ¬ËShock from ââ¬ËNervous Shock. Torts Law Journal, 5, 255-275. Butler, D., Identifying the Compensable Damage in ââ¬Å"Nervous Shockâ⬠Cases. Torts Law Journal, 5, 67 ââ¬â 87. Butler, D. 2002. Employer liability for Workplace Trauma. Aldershot, UK. Ashgate. Dietrich, J. 2003. Nervous Shock: Tame v NSW; Annetts v Australian Stations. Torts Law Journal, 11, 1-9. Foster, N. 2004.Psychiatric Injury Following Workplace Trauma or Death: Actions by Fellow Workers and Relatives in New South Wales. Tort Law Rev iew, 12, p. 59. Handford, P. (2006) Mullany and Handfords Tort Liability for Psychiatric Damage. Sydney. Lawbook Co. Handford, P. 2012. Wilkinson v Downton: Pathways to the Future? Tort Law Review. 20(1) 145-162. Hilson, C. 1998. Nervous Shock and the Categorisation of Victims. Tort Law Review, 6, 37-55. Luntz and Hambly 2006. Torts: Cases and Commentary. Chatswood. LexisNexis Butterworths. Mendelson, D. 1998. The Interfaces of Medicine and Law: The History of the Liability for negligently caused Psychiatric Injury (Nervous Shock). Aldershot. Ashgate. Mendelson, D. (2010). The New Law of Tort. South Melbourne. Oxford University Press. Sappideen, C. and Vines, P. 2011. Flemings The Law of Torts. Sydney. Lawbook Co. Teff, H. 1996. The Requirement of ââ¬ËSudden Shock in Liability for Negligently Inflicted Psychiatric Damage. Tort Law Review, 4, 44-61. [1] Mount Isa Mines Ltd v Pusey (1970) 125 CLR 383 at 407per Windeyer J. Cf. UK Law Commission, Liability for Psychiatric Illness, Law Com No 249, 1998, cited by Luntz and Hambly (2006 p. 536 at [7.11.4]). [2] Tame v New South Wales (2002) 211 CLR 317. [3] Gifford v Strang Patrick Stevedoring Pty Ltd (2003) 214 CLR 269. [4] Victorian Railways v Coultas (1888) 13 App Cas 222 at 226. Cf. under the intentional infliction of mental harm, the interest protected is that of the legal right of the plaintiff to personal safety, that is, the right to mental or emotional tranquillity and bodily dignity: Wilkinson v Downton (1897) 2 QB 57 at 59 per Wright J; Bunyan v Jordan (1937) 57 CLR 1 at 10-11 per Latham CJ; Dulieu White [1901] 2 KB 669 at 683 per Phillimore J; Purdy v Woznesensky [1937] 2 WWR 116 at 120; Magnusson (1994) pp. 166, 169. [5] See for example the various statutes of limitation, eg. Limitation Act 1969 (NSW) s 11(1); Limitation Actions Act 1985 (ACT) s 81(1); Limitation Act 1981 (NT) s 4(1); Limitation of Actions Act 1974 (Qld) s 5(1); Limitation of Actions Act 1936 (SA) s 36(2); Limitation Act 1974 (Tas) s 5(5); Limitation of Actions Act 1958 (Vic) s 3(1). Cf. Limitation Act 1980 (UK) s 38(1). For the medical background see Handford (2006: pp. 53-73). [6] Tame v New South Wales (2002) 211 CLR 317 per Gleeson CJ at 329, 338; per Gaudron J at 339; per Gummow Kirby JJ at 292, 302; Gifford v Strang Patrick Stevedoring Pty Ltd (2003) 214 CLR 269 per McHugh J at 291; per Gummow Kirby JJ at 292, 302; Butler (1997); [7] Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 32; Civil Law (Wrongs) Act 2002 (ACT) s 34; Civil Liability Act 1936 (SA) s 33; Civil Liability Act 2002 (TAS) s 34; Wrongs Act 1958 (Vic) s 72; Civil Liability Act 2002 (WA) s 5S. [8] Butler (1997). [9] Jaensch v Coffey (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 565. [10] Chiaver ini v Hockey (1993) Aust Torts Rep 81-223; Reeve v Brisbane CC [1995] 2 Qd R 661; Pham v Lawson (1997) 68 SASR 124 (FC). Note that the UK has retained the sudden shock requirement: Alcock v Chief Constable [1992] 1 AC 310. [11] That is, where an employee claims against the employer for damages for psychiatric injury caused by work stress, see: Handford (2006, Chapter 22, pp. 539-571); Butler (2002) pp. 103-124.. [12] That is, where the plaintiff claims to have suffered psychiatric injury through fear of what will happen in the future, such as the possibility of exposure to a deadly disease, see: APQ v Commonwealth Serum Laboratories Ltd [1999] 3 VR 633; Handford (2006 Chapter 27, pp 645-671). [13] Handford (2006) p. 30 and cases cited at [2.20]. [14] Tame v NSW (2002) 211 CLR 317 at 348, 427; Gifford v Strang Patrick Stevedoring Pty Ltd (2003) 214 CLR 269; cf. White v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1999] 2 AC 455. [15] Teff (1996, pp. 54-55). [16] Tame v NSW (2002) 211 CLR 317 at 333; 344; 389-90; 410. See also: New South Wales v Napier [2002] NSWCA 402 at [67] per Mason P; Wicks v SRA (2010) 241 CLR 60 at 72 ââ¬â the ââ¬Ëshocking event is a relevant consideration but a necessary pre-requisite of recognising a duty of care (two police officers who rescued injured persons at scene of a horrific railway accident were denied recovery by the NSW Court of Appeal because they did not witness victims being killed, injured or put in peril). [17] Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 32; Civil Law (Wrongs) Act 2002 (ACT) s 34; Civil Liability Act 1936 (SA) s 33; Civil Liability Act Act 2002 (Tas) s 34; Wrongs Act 1958 (Vic) s 72; Civil Liability Act 2002 (WA) s 55. [18] Williams v Ocean Coal [1907] 2 KB 422 (CA); Bourhill v Young [1943] AC 92. [19] Hambrook v Stokes [1925] 1 KB 141. [20] Jaensch v Cof fey (1984) 155 CLR 549. Cf. Alcock v Chief Constable [1992] 1 AC 310; cf. Galli-Atkinson v Seghal [2003] Lloyds Rep Med 285 the House of Lords upheld restrictions on being told or reading about the accident afterwards or hearing about it simultaneously on radio, barring recovery for relatives of spectators crushed in a football stadium disaster, on the basis that they were not at the scene or at the hospital within an hour or so. [21] Jaensch v Coffey (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 555, 608-609 per Gibbs CJ, Deane J. [22] Annetts v Australian Stations; Tame v NSW (2002) 211 CLR 317 (the Court held that parents who were telephoned in Sydney and told of the disappearance of their son, a sixteen year old jackaroo working in remote Western Australia, were owed a duty of care even though they never visited the accident scene, where his body was not discovered for four months). [23] See Handford (2006 p. 238 and cases cited at [8.340]). [24] See the account by Handford (2006 pp. 427-432). [25] The Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (NSW) s 4(1), for example, provided that whilst a parent, husband or wife of the plaintiff did not need to be at the scene or its aftermath to recover (a position more progressive than the common law, which nonetheless extended the boundaries of liability over the years, prior to Tame v New South wales (2002) 211 CLR 317, see for example: Quayle v NSW (1995) Aust Torts Rep 81-367 (mother told of sons death in custody allowed to recover both under statute and common law); see also mothers claim for shock related injury in X and Y (by her Tutor X) v Pal (1991) 23 NSWLR 26). Note, however, that despite the repeal of the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (NSW) s 4, that provision still has some effect in workplace claims due to the complex interaction of the 1944 Act, the Civil Liability Act 2002 and the Workers Compensation Act 1987 (NSW), for discu ssion see: Foster (2004). [26] Cases in which childrens claims under the statutes were ruled out on this ground include:Coates v Government Insurance Office of New South wales (1995) 36 NSWLR 1 (children told of fathers death in road accident); Knight v Pedersen [1999] NSWCA 333; Gifford v Strang Patrick Stevedoring Pty Ltd (2001) 51 NSWLR 606, on appeal (2003) 214 CLR 269. [27] Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 30. [28] Civil Liability Act 2002 (Tas) s 32. [29] Civil Liability Act 1936 (SA) s 53(1). [30] Owens v Liverpool Corp [1939] 1 KB 394; cf. Storm v Geeves [1965] Tas SR 252; Alcock v Chief Constable [1992] 1 AC 310. [31] Jaensch v Coffey (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 608-609 per Deane J. [32] Gifford v Strang Patrick Stevedoring (2003) 214 CLR 269. Note that In Tame the fact that the mother of the victim had contacted the tortfeasor to ensure that her son would be looked after was a factor significant in recognising the duty of care. Compare cases of intentionally inflicted mental harm in which persons closely connected with the victim or witnesses to the attack are entitled to recover: Battista v Cooper (1976) 14 SASR 225; Purdy v Woznesensky [1973 2 WWR 116; Beilitski v Obadiak (1922) 65 DLR 627; cf. Fagan v Crimes Compensation Tribunal (1982) 150 CLR 666 at 681. [33] Dooley v Cammell Laird [1951] 1 Lloyds Rep 271 (crane driver suffered shock when he saw his load fall into a ships hold where he knew fellow workers to be unloading); Alcock v Chief Constable [1992] 1 AC 310 at 408. The common law also recognises other categories of case (eg. rescuers: see Handford (2006), Chapter 19; employees susceptible to psychiatric illness: Moricz v Grundel Boilermaking Engineering Works [1963] SASR 112; Corporation of the City of Woodville v Balassone [1968] SASR 147; cf. Donjerkovic v Adelaide Steamship Industries Pty Ltd (1980) 24 SASR 347) not dependent on there being a family relationship. However, those plaintiffs tend to be classified as primary victims with possibly greater restrictions on recovery. [34] Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 30. Contrast: Civil Law (Wrongs) Act 2002 (ACT) s 36(1). [35] Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1944 (NSW) s 4(1). [36] Wrongs Act 1958 (Vic) s 73. [37] Alcock v Chief Constable [1992] 1 AC 310. [38] Bourhillv Young [1943] AC 92; Bunyan v Jordan (1937) 57 CLR 1. [39] Mount Isa Mines Mines Ltd v Pusey (1970) 125 CLR 383 at 405-406; Benson v Lee [1972] VR 879 at 881; Gannon v Gray [1973] Qd R 411 at 414; Jaensch v Coffey (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 556; Petrie v Dowling [1992] 1 Qd R 284 at 287; Skea v NRMA Insurance Ltd [2005] ACTCA 9. [40] The victim as found may include the plaintiffs cultural context: See Kavanagh v Akhtar (1998) 45 NSWLR 588; Handford (2006 p. 328 at [1 1.290] and cases cited therein). [41] Sappideen Vines (2011 p. 182). [42] Wyong Shire Council v Shirt (1980) 146 CLR 40 at 47-48.Jaensch v Coffet (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 556, 609-610, 613. Compare cases of intentionally inflicted mental harm in which the range of foreseeability is greater as the intended consequences must be likely: Bunyan v Jordan (1937) 57 CLR 1 at 10 per Latham CJ; Battista v Cooper (1976) 14 SASR 225 at 229-230. As such the intentional tortfeasor deserves lesser leniency from the court, and later High Court decisions have recognised that intention includes recklessness: XL Petroleum v Caltex i(1985) 155 CLR 448 at 471; Northern Territory v Mengel (1995) 185 CLR 307 at 347. [43] Jaensch v Coffey (1984) 155 CLR 549 at 556; Petrie v Dowling [1992] 1 Qd R 284; Skea v NRMA Insurance [2005] ACTCA 9. For example, an abnormality may not be so pronounced as to take it outside the normal bounds of reasonable foresight. [44] Tame v NSW (2002) 211 CLR 317. [45] Review of the Law of Negligence: Final Report (2002) at par. [9.28]. [46] Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 32(1); Civil Law (Wrongs) Act 2002 (ACT) s 34(1); Civil Liability Act 1936 (SA) s 33; Civil Liability Act Act 2002 (Tas) s 34; Wrongs Act 1958 (Vic) s 72; Civil Liability Act 2002 (WA) s 5S. [47] The statutory preference for the term ââ¬Ërecognised rather than ââ¬Ërecognisable psychiatric illness is a further factor potentially limiting recovery in consequential mental harm cases and contrasts with the approach of the common law. Eg. Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) s 33. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-59883602839324046552020-05-19T23:11:00.001-07:002020-05-19T23:11:06.467-07:00Essay on Thomas Jefferson A Controversial Man - 1785 Words Most people only know Thomas Jefferson as the third President of the United States but he was much more than that. Thomas Jefferson was a very controversial man. From his work as a Founding Father to the mysteries of his personal life, Americans continue to find him to be very intriguing. He challenged the way the government was run previously by the first two presidents and became an advocate for the people. This paper talks about Jeffersonââ¬â¢s role as a leader during the creation of the Declaration of Independence, his life before he became well-known, and the controversies related to his relationship with his slave named Sally Hemings. Thomas Jefferson was one of the most famous of the Founding Fathers of theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Around this time, disagreements began and people had different viewpoints on how the country should be run. Two political parties formed, the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. This was the time when the government was being develop ed. People were just figuring out what party they wanted to be a part of, and who they did not care for. Thomas Jefferson helped reshape the government before he was even elected President. He ââ¬Å"promoted religious freedom, helping to establish the countrys separation between church and state, and he advocated free public education, an idea considered radical by his contemporariesâ⬠(Millercenter web). He was also a delegate for the Virginia House of Delegates and later became the governor of Virginia for two years (Millercenter web). Jefferson influenced the way people thought about the relationship between the government and the lives of citizens. His beliefs challenged the governmentââ¬â¢s role established by the Founding Fathers. Thomas Jefferson was elected the third President of the United States in 1801. On Inauguration Day, he broke tradition and rode on a single horse by riding to and from the ceremony by himself (Crawford 16). One of the most notable contributi ons of Jeffersonââ¬â¢s presidency was the Louisiana Purchase, which nearly doubled the size of the United States (Crawford 16). When Jefferson was sworn in, he wasShow MoreRelatedAmerican Sphinx The True Character Of Thomas Jefferson Analysis963 Words à |à 4 Pages Many books have been written about Thomas Jefferson, the writer of the Declaration of Independence, the first secretary of state the third president of the United States of America, but the majority are biographies. In the book American Sphinx: The True Character of Thomas Jefferson, author, Joseph J. Ellis, writes about the character of Thomas Jefferson, by examining his thoughts, actions, and writings in different periods of his life. 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Jefferson, like Adams, had also signed the Declaration of Independence. Hamilton, however, was the only cabinet member relatively unknown to Adams (Ferling promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-68354118925005419462020-05-06T22:42:00.001-07:002020-05-06T22:42:05.093-07:00The Power Of The War - 882 Words According to Article One, Section Eight, Congress has the power ââ¬Å"To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water;â⬠This means that Congress must be consulted before going to war and has the power to not only declare war, but also the power to raise an army and navy, to fund war effort; however, the President, in Article II, is named commander-in-chief of the armed forces, but this does not give him the power to commit armed forces to war. Although the Constitution grants Congress the power to declare war, there has been much debate about who should actually have the power to wage war. Often times, Congress is argued to be the better fit because the decision made will be well thought out, democratic, and promote international harmony. The other side of the argument states the the president should be the one to wage war. Even Alexander Hamilton stated that ââ¬Å"Presidents should conduct war, because they could act with ââ¬Å"decision, activity, secrecy and dispatch.â⬠Presidents also can make a quick decision without waiting on Congress and their disagreements due to the fact that foreign affairs can often be unpredictable. The president must act as a strong leader in a national crisis to instill trust within the public. Though either side may sound appealing, they both have drawbacks. 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The War Powers Resolution of 1973 also know simple as the War Powers Act states the President must notify Congress within a 48 hour time frame that he is sending troops into military combat. The act does not allow military solders from remaining in a state of conflict for more than 60 days. After 60 days the President promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-21084379635770845562020-05-06T07:04:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:04:12.366-07:00Capital Punishment Annotated Bib free essay sample Chinmaya Sharma Field LNG 406 25 January 2011 Capital Punishment ââ¬â Just: An Annotated Bibliography Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood: A True Account of A Multiple Murder and Its Consequences. New York: Vintage, 1994. Print. Crowe, Robert E. Should Capital Punishment be Retained? Pro. Congressional Digest Aug. 1927: 228+. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. Crowe believes the primary benefit of capital punishment is its usefulness in deterring any future criminal acts, particularly murders. He asserts the death penalty is the only punishment equal in value to the murders or other crimes for which capital punishment is sentenced. While attacking the United States government for its lack of criminal regulation, Crowe suggests capital punishment will instill fear in criminals and make them think twice before committing a violent crime. He states this fear of punishment is what protects citizens from the wrath of brutal murderers who, without the death penalty, would believe they have nothing to fear. Crowe proclaims someone who tries to nullify the death penalty in court is hampering the progress of the American government and is keeping the rest of society in danger. As the article continues, Crowe concurs that the feeling of being on the jury of a murder trial is one of the most difficult as you hold the life of a person in your hands. However, he believes people have the best interest of their society in mind. Crowe uses Chicago as an example of how capital punishment as resulted in the decrease in murders and other crimes. Throughout the rest of the article, Crowe discusses how the life of the victim is forever lost and the punishment should be proportionate to the rime, how even those who are deemed irresponsible should be sentenced to the death penalty for the better of society, and how there is proof of capital punishment deterring further crime. Croweââ¬â¢s analysis of capital punishment and its justification is thorough, but only thorough in one aspect. The author focuses only on the deterring effect the death penalty has on crime and other murderers. His information is credible, but seems to be more focused on appealing to the emotion s rather than stating blatant facts. The source of this article is a congressional magazine. service writing format Therefore, staying within the limits of the slight bias, the information is coming from a credible source and should be valuable for my research and debate.. Due to the article dating back to the 1920s, the statistics and facts of this article may not be accurate. While some of my other research has focused on addressing counter-arguments, this article solidifies one strong point. Croweââ¬â¢s argument revolves around the deterring effect of capital punishment on murders. Therefore, this article will provide a basis for my analysis of the societal results of the death penalty. I will also use the statements made by Crowe about how it is the moral duty of the justice system to protect and provide for the citizens for the country. By leaving these murders and criminals alive, he believes we are putting the rest of society at risk. This article will prove to be invaluable when addressing some of the issues such as societal safety and the overall effects of capital punishment on future criminal acts. Franklin, H. Bruce. Billy Budd and Capital Punishment. American Literature. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. . History: Early World and American Death Penalty Laws. à Death Penalty. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. . Johnson, Robert, and Sandra Smith. Life Without Parole, Americaââ¬â¢s Other Death Penalty. The Prison Journal. Sage Publications. Web. 30 Jan. 2011. . Life without parole is examined as a form of death penalty. The authors declare how life without parole is a true life punishment because the prisoners must live their lives knowing that they will never be allowed out. The t wo interview many of the prisoners and prison officers to understand the conditions, both mentally and physically, of the prisons in which these criminals stay. Smith and Johnson indicate the conditions of the prisons are ideal because they include food, a bed, recreation and many other commodities. The true impact comes from the emotional turmoil from knowing that the prison is where they will die. While many assume the life without parole prisoners must be a threat to society within and outside of the prison, the authors prove the emotional impact changes the criminals and makes them more respectable people The article also shows how these people feel so lonely and that is why life without parole is a viable alternative for the death penalty. Overall, this source will probably be the least used source out of my entire bibliography. I chose this source when I knew that my part of the argument would be about the conditions of prisons. However, the article does satisfy the part of my argument that shows how the prisons of these criminals are actually in perfect condition and how the prisoners enjoy the conditions while living there. Robert Johnson and Sandra Smith both work at large universties and are publishing a significant article. Therefore, I believe this article is reliable and the information should be credible. The goal of the source is to show how life without parole is not as good as everyone believes it is. The source is objective because it shows both good and bad aspects of prison. I will use this source to help prove my point about the condition of the prisons. Johnson and Smith both indicate how the conditions are fantastic with food and recreation. These conditions are better than many of the conditions of people living in America. I will also utilize the first-hand account of one of the prisoners to back up my argument. It will fit perfectly into the body of my argument by shaping how I explain how tax-payersââ¬â¢ money is furnishing a lavish living style of these criminals compared to what they were in before. Hopefully, this evidence will help convince people that the minor cost difference that may occur at times between life without parole and capital punishment is miniscule when considering the broader aspect. Sharp, Dudley. Death Penalty Paper. à Pro-death Penalty. Web. 30 Jan. 2011. . Sharpââ¬â¢s article assesses every aspect of the capital punishment argument. He starts by indicating how the anti-death penalty movement has overwhelmed the debate and has filled peopleââ¬â¢s minds with lies which have no substantial evidence. He states how capital punishment is the only punishment which fits the amplitude of the crime. When addressing the risk of a innocent man being executed, he explains how the statistics given by most people are incorrect. In the United States, there have only been a minute amount of cases where an innocent man was executed. Sharp illustrates the lack of mistakes involving the death penalty. Sharp continues to summarize how the death penalty is a deterrent to crime and how this fact is conclusive and irrefutable. He also states how capital punishment makes American society a safer place to live. Throughout the rest of the article, Sharp talks about a variety of topics including race and the death penalty, cost of capital punishment versus life without parole, death penalty procedures and the relation between Christianity and capital punishment. Sharps analysis of every argument makes this article absolutely perfect for the debate supporting capital punishment. For every point he makes, he provides a resource and occasionally a justification if numbers should be altered. Since this site is primarily about supporting capital punishment, a small bias maybe evident in his writing. He seems to be a credible source because he works as the Death Penalty Resources Director at Justice For All. I think his article could be used for a variety of purposes because he encompasses all of the major points supporting capital punishment. He frequently takes information from the Death Penalty Information Center, reinforcing his credibility. I think this article will be valuable to be because of the statistics and information it uses to show how capital punishment is actually cheaper then life without parole. Unlike most of the other sites I have looked at, it actually provides calculations step by step and justification if certain numbers are only estimates and how these estimates were made. Sharp does not leave any part of the argument with a weak end. Since my argument is the cost between death penalty and life without parole, this article will almost suffice as all I need. I believe it will be very difficult to refute evidence which is so precise such as the information Sharp has provided. This article will help show that the death penalty is cheaper than life without parole. Stanton, Edward C. Should Capital Punishment be Retained? Pro. Congressional Digest Aug. 1927: 232+. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. Stantonââ¬â¢s article assesses each specific argument made by people supporting the abolishment of capital punishment and provides a logical and complete rebuttal. After reviewing past articles and statements made by these abolitionists, Stanton states that most of these people are sentimentalists who have completely battered the minds of readers into a state of submission. Through the use of two court cases in the past few years in which murderers were given a lighter sentence than they deserved, the author reiterates sentimentalists brainwash and destroy the backbone of juries. Furthermore, Stanton provides statistics demonstrating the increase of homicides in the United States. Stanton declares most of the sentimentalists lack experience dealing directly with murders which makes their statements difficult to believe. Throughout the rest of the article, the author indicates several of the arguments these sentimentalists put forth and counters with his own support of capital punishment. Stanton includes counter-arguments against all of the following: choosing life-imprisonment over capital punishment, giving opportunities to the criminals, capital punishment being a practice of the past, and the chance of having an innocent person convicted and executed. Stanton provides a substantial and thorough analysis of why capital punishment should be maintained as a policy in the United States. His information seems credible as he uses several statistics and court cases to reinforce his statements. Stanton may be slightly biased because he has dealt with murders in the past, but this also contributes to his authenticity. The information is quite reliable as it comes from a congressional magazine. This article primarily focuses on telling the complete truth about capital punishment and convincing people capital punishment is a just form of punishment. Stanton tries to eliminate the flowery and false information sentimentalists provide for readers. The only negative aspect of this article is it dates back to the 1920s. Therefore, the statistics cannot be used for present-day. Stantonââ¬â¢s article on capital punishment satisfies one of the requirements for my debate. He provides an answer for many of the points the other team may use. The article shapes how I will write my rebuttal by providing information which would counter most of the arguments put forth by those arguing capital punishment as an unjust form of punishment. Stanton solidifies my view that capital punishment deters criminals from committing the worst crimes because they fear the death penalty. He also addresses the fear of executing people are innocent of a crime. Since the chance of a false conviction is so small, any doubt that the death penalty is a proper form of punishment for those criminals with unforgiveable crimes should be forgotten. Stantonââ¬â¢s views coincide with my own and provide a solid base for a rebuttal in the debate. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-31183882590991530832020-04-22T17:34:00.001-07:002020-04-22T17:34:02.843-07:00Technology Effect On Society Essays - Diploma, Documents Technology Effect On Society The microeconomic picture of the U.S. has changed immensely since 1973, and the trends are proving to be consistently downward for the nation's high school graduates and high school drop-outs. "Of all the reasons given for the wage squeeze - international competition, technology, deregulation, the decline of unions and defense cuts - technology is probably the most critical. It has favored the educated and the skilled," says M. B. Zuckerman, editor-in-chief of U.S. News & World Report (7/31/95). Since 1973, wages adjusted for inflation have declined by about a quarter for high school dropouts, by a sixth for high school graduates, and by about 7% for those with some college education. Only the wages of college graduates are up. Of the fastest growing technical jobs, software engineering tops the list. Carnegie Mellon University reports, "recruitment of it's software engineering students is up this year by over 20%." All engineering jobs are paying well, proving that highly skilled labor is what employers want! "There is clear evidence that the supply of workers in the [unskilled labor] categories already exceeds the demand for their services," says L. Mishel, Research Director of Welfare Reform Network. In view of these facts, I wonder if these trends are good or bad for society. "The danger of the information age is that while in the short run it may be cheaper to replace workers with technology, in the long run it is potentially self-destructive because there will not be enough purchasing power to grow the economy," M. B. Zuckerman. My feeling is that the trend from unskilled labor to highly technical, skilled labor is a good one! But, political action must be taken to ensure that this societal evolution is beneficial to all of us. "Back in 1970, a high school diploma could still be a ticket to the middle income bracket, a nice car in the driveway and a house in the suburbs. Today all it gets is a clunker parked on the street, and a dingy apartment in a low rent building," says Time Magazine (Jan 30, 1995 issue). However, in 1970, our government provided our children with a free education, allowing the vast majority of our population to earn a high school diploma. This means that anyone, regardless of family income, could be educated to a level that would allow them a comfortable place in the middle class. Even restrictions upon child labor hours kept children in school, since they are not allowed to work full time while under the age of 18. This government policy was conducive to our economic markets, and allowed our country to prosper from 1950 through 1970. Now, our own prosperity has moved us into a highly technical world, that requires highly skilled labor. The natural answer to this problem, is that the U.S. Government's education policy must keep pace with the demands of the highly technical job market. If a middle class income of 1970 required a high school diploma, and the middle class income of 1990 requires a college diploma, then it should be as easy for the children of the 90's to get a college diploma, as it was for the children of the 70's to get a high school diploma. This brings me to the issue of our country's political process, in a technologically advanced world. Voting & Poisoned Political Process in The U.S. The advance of mass communication is natural in a technologically advanced society. In our country's short history, we have seen the development of the printing press, the radio, the television, and now the Internet; all of these, able to reach millions of people. Equally natural, is the poisoning and corruption of these medias, to benefit a few. *From the 1950's until today, television has been the preferred media. Because it captures the minds of most Americans, it is the preferred method of persuasion by political figures, multinational corporate advertising, and the upper 2% of the elite, who have an interest in controlling public opinion. Newspapers and radio experienced this same history, but are now somewhat obsolete in the science of changing public opinion. Though I do not suspect television to become completely obsolete within the next 20 years, I do see the Internet being used by the same political figures, multinational corporations, and upper 2% elite, for the same purposes. At this time, in the Internet's young history, it is largely unregulated, and can be accessed and changed by any person with a computer and a modem; no license required, and no need for millions of promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-10371579860029205322020-03-16T23:47:00.001-07:002020-03-16T23:47:02.595-07:00Business resources M1 EssaysBusiness resources M1 Essays Business resources M1 Essay Business resources M1 Essay Asses how managing these resources can improve the performance of your selected organisation. Managing business resource is vital for any business if they are determined to do well. A business has two types of resources and by managing the business resource it can improve the performance of the business in many areas such as profit margins and market share. If Sainsbury use they staff in an appropriate manner and make use of all they skills and abilities then the business can gain high amount of output for instance high level of productivity, motivated and improve team working. The business can give the staff training to broaden the skills and abilities of the staff which will benefit the business has the staff will be multi-skilled and will be able to work in different areas so if there was a staff absent another staff can filled and do the job task required.. There is two kind of training that could be given to the staff one is one the job training and the other is off the job training. This will benefit the business as it will have staff who can do various task and might decide to save money by making some employees redundant. If Sainsbury manages its equipment appropriately use the equipment to it full capacity and strength then the business can gain good level of productivity from the machine. If the business uses it equipment appropriately it will improve the performance of the business for instance if the business use they tills appropriately it will help speed queue time, help them with level of stock and minimise errors for the employees.. Every year the equipment which business uses depreciate in value so the business needs to cover the cost of the equipment by using the equipment properly. If Sainsbury manages its building properly by using to its full capability and ability then the business will manage to decrease costs and by redeeming cost from the use of the building. For instance if the business has empty shelves in the building then the business will not be gaining any money from that space of the building and they are not using the equipment to its strength which means they are not recouping they cost. If Sainsbury manages its security properly then the business has the assurance of they stock and valuable in the business are safe and secure. This can be only done if the security cameras are checked regularly if they are working and if the alarms set on at the right time. If these are not checked then business risks losing they stock and valuables by little mistakes which could have been corrected. If Sainsbury manages it materials correctly then the business will manage to produce loads of goods with those materials and save cost. However if the business doesnt not use its materials appropriately then the business will risk wasting they materials increase in costs. So using the business materials appropriately then it would improve the performance of a business as it will reduce cost by using the materials correctly. If a business uses its safety materials appropriately by cleaning the building on a regular basis then it would attract customers and the customers would appreciate the environment. If Sainsbury manages its vehicles such as vans and trucks correctly then the business will manage to recoup the cost of those vehicles by using the vehicles to its capabilities. If Sainsbury for instance use their vans appropriately for home deliveries then the business might manage to increase sales through online shopping as customers would be content with the service. If Sainsbury for instance use they trucks properly then they will manage to maintain they stock level by having the deliveries on time. This will eventually have an impact in the performance of the business by improving the performance. If Sainsbury manages it products correctly then the business will manage to sell most of its product and gain profits from those products. However if the business doesnt manage its products appropriately then the business will risk wasting those products which will mean the business would have increase costs. So using the products owned by the business appropriately would improve the performance of a business as it will have high sales levels and gain high profit margins from those products. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-9364756175878714832020-02-29T14:13:00.001-08:002020-02-29T14:13:02.478-08:00A Worn Path Short Story Research Paper Essay Example for Free A Worn Path Short Story Research Paper Essay ? Many obstacles can be taken when one desired the most is at risk. Phoenix Jackson is an old woman who has the right intentions, but meets many conflicts on the way. In the short story, ââ¬Å"A Worn Pathâ⬠, Eudora Welty predicts that one never knows where a path will end up leading them through conflict and symbolism. Phoenix Jackson warns that one never knows where a path will end up leading to. In the short story ââ¬Å"a Worn Pathâ⬠, Phoenix Jackson goes through many obstacles on the path to find medicine for her ââ¬Å"grandsonâ⬠(Welty). Phoenix is on a mission to retrieve treatment for her grandson. She is willing to face anything that gets in the way of her path leading to her destination. As Phoenix faces her journey she will reach conflicts beyond the way. While on the path to complete her mission phoenix stumbles upon many conflicts. In the short story ââ¬Å"a Worn Pathâ⬠, Phoenix comes encounter with intimidation of a ââ¬Å"young hunterâ⬠in the woods (Heller). The hunter tests the old lady of weakness as he boasts of himself throughout the scavenged woods. Although the hunter has a gun with any possible chance to use it on Phoenix, she resembles courage upon the conflict for going about her business and continuing about her quest. In the short story ââ¬Å"a Worn Pathâ⬠, old woman Phoenix struggled up a hill ââ¬Å"extricate[ed] herself from a thorn bushâ⬠, and crossed a log over a creek (Piwinski). As the woman struggles to get out of the bush she chooses to not give up and continue forward her path. The woods may have brought conflict and obstacles to Phoenix, but that wonââ¬â¢t stop her from reaching the end of her journey. A Worn Path Short Story Research Paper. (2018, Oct 26). promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-16829668993894380242020-02-13T06:59:00.001-08:002020-02-13T06:59:03.103-08:00Report on Google and Yahoo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 wordsReport on Google and Yahoo - Assignment Example It was the worldââ¬â¢s greatest search elements because by the year 2001, it did an amazing thing that eluded a lot of dot.com business start ups of the moment in time and became profitable (DuVander, 2010). Its profits come from internet advertising revenue and also sell a number of subscription services that are; Google Earth Plus and Pro. The biggest and the most popular service is the web search which is mostly known for giving out related search consequences with a clear interface. So highly developed searching, Google prolonged past simply verdict websites based on the keywords. As the few prospering dot.com startups, it still retains many perks including free launch and laundry for the employees and games. Google has worked with several organizations, in order to improve production and services Yahoo is an internet entrance that integrates search engine and a directory known as WWW (World Wide Web) that are organized in a hierarchy manner of which is broadly known for its w eb entrance, search elements, Yahoo search and associated services which as well as Yahoo Directory (DuVander, 2010). Yahoo Mail, are concerned, plotting video, sports and social media website. Itââ¬â¢s headquartered in Sunnyvale California is the most common sites in United States where roughly 700 million people use Yahoo website each and every month. Yahoo was first founded by two men known as Jerry Yang as well as David Filo in the year 1994 January and was amalgamated on 1st March, 1995. The previous Google administrative Marissa Mayer was named as the Yahoo Chief Executive and at the same time became the president on 16th July 2012. This utterance known as "yahoo" is an ellipsis for ââ¬Å"Nevertheless alternative Hierarchical Intrusive Oracleâ⬠therefore the term "hierarchical" can be described as how the its database was well set in layers of subdivisions (DuVander, 2010). Yahoo is a technology company that delivers search, gratified, and email tools proceeding the W eb and on portable devices all over. The corporationââ¬â¢s Yahoo.com also gives out Yahoo! Finance which offers a set of monetary data, information as well as items for users to build financial decisions; Yahoo! amusement and Lifestyles; this is a collection of things focused on trends as well as information in civilization, womenââ¬â¢s issues, and social media. It also gives out infrastructure tools that include Yahoo packages that provide users with and mobile phone text messages, and combined associates and datebook functionality. Therefore, the company provides mobile phones and upcoming products that are Into Now as for Yahoo, watching television, is a software platform that gives interactive television and provides a user with generated satisfied items. This site is available in more than twenty different languages in the world. 2. Structure and design These proprieties offer a simple directory structure and design which the user circumnavigates and chooses files to down load. Organization design is a method of arranging an organization's makeup within their own operation that is looking at the intricate relationship between assignments, workflow, responsibility or even authority and making sure that all these support the main aim of the business. Many efficiency and performance promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-75947214121004719302020-02-01T05:50:00.001-08:002020-02-01T05:50:03.916-08:00PCL Construction Paper 1 Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsPCL Construction 1 - Term Paper Example Based on the large number of employees who have been hired by the PLC construction companies, they have significantly contributed to the growth of the US economy. This has been attained from the high tax on their annual and monthly incomes. Most importantly, the construction companies embark on designing and construction of factories, learning institutions, government houses, hospitals, research centers and roads among others. Thus, the construction industry plays a vital role in the growth of the US economy. This paper seeks to discuss a profile of Parsons Corporation; a US based international construction company. Having been founded in 1944 by Ralph Parsons, Parsons Corporation is a construction company with a strong financial background that is based on the various large projects that the company has undertaken in US and in other countries. The company whose headquarters are located in Pasadena, California is highly involved in designing and construction of large projects such as industrial facilities. Parsons organizational structure consists of the chief executive officer, corporate and operations support, international and North America markets units and regional business units (Ralph, 1978). The board of directors is made up eleven members namely Charles Harrington, Curtis Bower, Kenneth Dahlberg, Steven Leer, Lawrence Jackson, William Kinsey, James McGovern, Tamara Lundgren, Chritian Mitchell, Mark Holdsworth and Admiraj Zlatoper. In his effort to create strong relationship with its customers and the society, the Ralph Foundation was established by Ralph Parsons to provide charitable s ervices to the members of the society who are poor or in need of other forms of help. Additionally, the company fulfills its corporate duties by employing six key aspects or values. These values include diversity, innovation, safety, sustainability, integrity and quality promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-26777091155009296362020-01-24T02:14:00.001-08:002020-01-24T02:14:03.616-08:00The Electrolysis of Copper Sulphate :: Papers The Electrolysis of Copper Sulphate Aim Analyse and evaluate the quantity of Copper (Cu) metal deposited during the electrolysis of Copper Sulphate solution (CuSo4) using Copper electrodes, when certain variables were changed. Results Voltage across Concentration of solution electrode 0.5M 1.0M 2.0M 2 5.0 10.6 19.5 4 10.5 19.8 40.3 6 14.3 26.0 60.2 8 15.2 40.4 80.3 10 15.0 40.2 99.6 12 15.1 40.0 117.0 Analysing/Conclusion The input variables in this experiment are; concentration of the solution and the voltage across the electrodes. The outcome is the amount of copper gained (measured in grams) at the electrodes. By analyzing the graph, we can see the rapid increase of weight gained for the 2.0 molar concentration as the gradient is steeper. Whereas the 1.0 mol and 0.5 mol concentrations increases steadily at a slower rate. This obviously shows that if the voltage increase, the weight also increases. Hence I can conclude; the higher then voltage and concentration, the more copper is produced. The reason for this would be because we used electrolysis. This is used to separate metals from their ores and metal compounds. The electrolyte (solution) contains negative and positive ions. For electrolysis to work there must be the same amount of positive ions to negative ions so that the solution is electrically balanced. A solution of metal compounds can only conduct electricity if it is balanced. The negative ions are attracted to the anode (+ve electrode) and the positive ions (protons) are attracted to the cathode (-ve electrode). The electrolyte effect the amount of atoms attracted. This happens at the cathode: Cu2+ +2e- =Cu And oxygen is produced at the anode. Increasing the concentration is more affective than increasing the voltage but in order to gain more copper, you will need the highest promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-36748496111649337852020-01-15T22:36:00.001-08:002020-01-15T22:36:03.642-08:00Compensation Strategies EssayExecutive Summary This report will look at 3 different compensation systems that our company can develop and roll out within our company for our employees and future employees. Compensation is one of the most important and rewarding factors for our employees. Employees rely on their compensation to pay their rent or mortgage, food for their family, vacations, education for their children, and prepare for their retirement life. How compensation is paid can determine the quality of employee you obtain and how long you retain them. This report provides information on different compensation strategies to attract/recruit good talent, improve employee production and retain valued employees. Annual merit increases help companies to continue being competitive in the work force. Research shows employees want to work for employers that are competitive with salaries. By moving to an annual merit increase system employees will continue to increase production and meet business objectives to receive more compensati on. Employees look at merit increases as entitlement and production can remain flat. Our company can increase productivity across the board by tying business goals to merit increases. In order to get the production needed, communication from management will need to take place to set expectations of achieving goals and what the potential merit increase the employee can receive by hitting those goals. Healthcare benefits can be a deciding factor for many people on whether or not they consider working for our company or if they decide to leave our company. Health benefits provided by the employer shows they careà about the employee and it helps get the employee back to work quicker which helps to be more productive. Healthcare is not only a benefit to the employee but also part of their compensation. Communication and training by management should be conducted annually to go over the employees full Comprehensive Compensation Package to show the total monetary amount received by the employee from the employer. The last type of compensation we will consider for the employees as a company is a 401(k) plan. 401(k) plans are growing with the number of employers that are providing options for their employees. As the research shows, the cost of losing an employee in the long run due to not providing a 401(k) plan can create higher turnover and training costs. We want to recruit and keep top employees and based on the research shown, providing a 401(k) plan will do what we need. My recommendation is to implement the annual merit system, health care benefits and a 401(k) plan. For the compensation packages to be a success we will create compensation statements for every employee to review and train all managers with direct reports so they can deliver the great message we have to share. Also, goals and expectations will be implemented as early as possible during the year to establish a strong foundation for performance. Our compensation plan is intended to attract key talent, increase employee engagement, incent and retain high-performing managers who will enhance the profitability of our company and create value for our shareowners. Introduction Compensation is an important element of our company. Employees rely on their compensation to pay their rent or mortgage, food for their family, vacations, education for their children, and prepare for their retirement life. How compensation is paid can determine the quality of employee you obtain and how long you retain them. This report provides information on different compensation strategies to attract/recruit good talent, improve employee production and retain valued employees. Also, with sales volume goals to increase, technology and innovation changing so quickly, and the quality of service customers are expecting, employers have to come up with ways to be better than their competition. The way to be better than your competition is through the people who work for the company. And one the bestà ways to attract those employees are to have a better compensation packages for your employees. The goal for this research will show you the positive impacts to the company by offering Annual Merit Increases, Healthcare Benefits, and 401k plans to the employees. These compensation benefits are important to high quality employees our companyââ¬â¢s trying recruit, retaining high producing employees, as well as, increasing motivation and production with all other employees. By implementing these actions our company will be able to show our employees our commitment to be the best company to work for and to show how valuable our employees are to the company. Research Findings Merit Pay Increase According to Towers Perrinââ¬â¢s Global workforce study, competitive base pay is the most important factor that attracts UK workers to an employer, with almost six-out-ten (59%) respondents stating that this would influence their decision (ââ¬Å"Competitive base pay,â⬠2007, p.16). Not only is it important to attract workers but retaining high performing employees and keeping them motivated to increase and maintain productivity to compete in the marketplace is vital. One way to retain and motivate employees is through annual merit increases. If a merit pay system succeeds, it motivates employees to work harder and achieve more (Mack, 2014). In order for the merit pay system to succeed it will need to be tied in with the business strategy of the organization and not viewed as an entitlement. Merit increases can motivate employees to achieve whatever goal the company sets. For example, by finishing projects timely with high quality or rolling out new operational procedures for the company. Employees often fail to see a link between merit pay and the accomplishment of business goals because no link is being made (Heneman, 2002, p.382). In a Supervisory role is important direct reports understand how their individual goals align to organizational priorities and how merit increases are earned based on exceeding their given goals. Planning and Goal Setting is the foundation for performance management and execution of our strategies. It focuses on ensuring employees have a clear understanding of annual organizationalà priorities, and defining individual employee goals aligned to their job role and those priorities. Finally, it is important that effective communication exists between employees and management and that managers have the requisite tools for administering rewards (Leritz Ph.D., 2012, p.1). Analysis: Research shows employees want to work for employers that are competitive with salaries. By moving to an annual merit increase system employees will continue to increase production and meet business objectives to receive more compensation. Employees look at merit increases as entitlement and production can remain flat. Our company can increase productivity across the board by tying business goals to merit increases. In order to get the production needed, communication from management will need to take place to set expectations of achieving goals and what the potential merit increase the employee can receive by hitting those goals. Healthcare Benefits According to ââ¬Å"Competitive base pay most important for recruitmentâ⬠(2007), ââ¬Å"almost two thirds (59%) of staff would consider leaving their job if their employer failed to address health and wellbeing in the workplace. Business in the Communityââ¬â¢s Business action on health campaign shows that 83% of staff considers the way that an employer looks after the health and wellbeing of staff is important when choosing a jobâ⬠(p.16). Effective communication from employers about the compensation plans has a major influence on the turnover rate of the top performing employees. Because one companies benefits are better than the other doesnââ¬â¢t mean employees will stay. Based on the surveys conducted, companies with better communication strategies and lesser benefits had only 12% turnover compared to 17% turnover with companies that offered better benefits. Companies with excellent benefits and effective communications had only an 8% turnover of top-performing em ployees. Also, when employees were surveyed on how satisfied they were with their benefits, only 22% were satisfied with the better benefits from employers with poor communications. On the other hand, 76% of employees with lesser benefits and effective communication from the employers were satisfied with their benefits (ââ¬Å"Better benefitsà communications,â⬠2005, p.9). Companies must show the employees that healthcare benefits are a part of total compensation because companies that donââ¬â¢t effectively communicate the value have higher turnover rates for top performers. According to Kathryn Yates, global director of communication consulting at Watson Wyatt, ââ¬Å"Employers can spend huge sums of money on benefits, but if their employees arenââ¬â¢t aware of the cost or donââ¬â¢t appreciate the value of the benefits, they arenââ¬â¢t going to see a return on their investment.â⬠(ââ¬Å"Better benefits communications,â⬠2005, p.9). Analysis: Research shows the importance of health benefits to employees and what it takes to retain those employees. Health benefits provided by the employer shows they care about the employee as well as it helps get the employee back to work quicker which helps to be more productive. Healthcare is not only a benefit to the employee but also part of their compensation. Communication and training by management should be conducted annually to go over the employees full Comprehensive Compensation Package to show the total monetary amount received by the employee from the employer. This communication and training on healthcare benefits are vital to keeping our top performers. 401(k) Plan The increase of matching contribution for 401(k) plans through employers has risen from 68 percent to 73 percent over the last couple of years (Plenda, 2013, p.31). In a recent survey, if another employer offered a similar job with a 401(k) plan, 40 percent of employees said they would pursue other opportunities with the new employer. It was also determined when a 401(k) plan is presented most employees work harder and stay on the job longer (Lamont, 2014, p.10). People who save money are good workers because they place greater value on future outcomes. These types of employees work more and are more conscientious of how they treat employer assets because they understand their reputations will be hurt by careless actions they take. Not only do employees stay on the job longer but companies can use 401(k) plans to attract workers that are more conscientious and productive on the job (Munnell & Sunden, 2004 pp. 3-20). Research by Bank of America Merrillà Lynch shows higher turnover rates, increase in training costs, and lower productivity and sales as a potential consequence for not offering a competitive benefits package to its employees. Employers should look at benefits as one of the most important investments they can make. These investments will attract top talent and show they are invested in their employeeââ¬â¢s professional growth, as well as, their financial well-being to give them a competitive advantage over other employers (Brooks, 2012). Analysis: 401(k) plans are growing with the number of employers that are providing options for their employees. As the research shows, companyââ¬â¢s not providing a 401(k) plan can lose employeesââ¬â¢ to competitors, lose productivity and sales. We want to recruit and keep top employees and based on the research shown, providing a 401(k) plan will do what we need to help increase our advantage of attracting and keeping top talent over our competitors. Recommendations Our companyââ¬â¢s compensation plan is intended to attract key talent, increase employee engagement, incent and retain high-performing employees who will enhance the profitability of our company and create value for our shareowners. Below are the recommendations to begin implementing merit increases, healthcare plans, and 401(k) plans to our employees. These actions will align specific goals to our organizationââ¬â¢s priorities and enables us to execute its strategies to deliver exceptional compensation packages to our employees. Recommendation: It is recommended to establish goals and expectations every year to ensure employees have a clear understanding of annual organizational priorities and their defined individual employee goals are aligned to their job role and those priorities. Managers will meet with each of their respective employees to communicate their goals and expectations and have the employees sign and approve understanding. On February 15th, annually, managers will meet with each employee to discuss results and give feedback on achievements, strengths, areas of opportunities, and merit increase theà employee will be receiving on their March 1st paycheck. By implementing a merit increase we will increase employee engagement, incent and retain high-performing employees who will enhance the profitability of our company and create value for our shareowners. Recommendation: My recommendation is to set up health care benefits with United Health Care and contribute $500 per month towards employeeââ¬â¢s costs. Additionally, implement a Comprehensive Compensation Package to be presented and reviewed by the manager to the employees at their annual merit increase to show them the rich compensation they have with the company. The Comprehensive Compensation package will give a personalized overview of all components of the employeeââ¬â¢s compensation and cash value of the benefits available. By communicating with the employeeââ¬â¢s, we will see an increase in retention and satisfaction that will decrease our company costs and increase profitability. Recommendation: My final recommendation is to set up Fidelity to manage the employeeââ¬â¢s 401(k) accounts. In addition, the company will match 3% of the employeeââ¬â¢s contributions and will schedule yearly financial seminars with Fidelity for financial guidance and retirement advice. During yearly reviews, managers will be present the Comprehensive Compensation Package to give an overview of all components of the employeeââ¬â¢s compensation and cash value of the company matching. By providing a 401(k) plan and financial guidance we will attract top recruits, as well as, retain top employees. Conclusion My goal for this research is to show you the positive impacts to the company by offering annual merit increases, healthcare benefits, and 401k plans to the employees. These compensation benefits are important to recruit high quality employees, retain high producing employees, and increasing motivation and production with all other employees. By creating annual merit increases, employees are more productive and try to reach the highest increase they can get to add to their salary. Adding the companyââ¬â¢s business objectives to the merit increases for the employees to reach will addà increased productivity to the company. Adding healthcare coverage for employees and communicating with them the value added to their compensation is important to retaining employees. Employees with healthcare also go to the doctor more often and come back to work quicker which means less down time and higher production. Lastly, introducing a 401(k) plan to the employees creates long lasting and loyal employees that are vested in the companyââ¬â¢s success. The findings show the importance of pay to employees and the importance of attracting employees to a company. Also, employees work harder which will make the company more profitable. Planning, goal setting, communication. The importance of the findings for healthcare is employees are will to leave their company if employers donââ¬â¢t provide healthcare benefits. Shows communication is very important in making sure employees understand the benefits to make sure they donââ¬â¢t leave. Shows increase in businesses providing 401k plans and attracting hard workers.shows how important benefits are in keeping and attracting employees. Work harder and stay on the job longer How important it is to show benefits are part of compensation to show the value and keep top performers. Communication is going to be the fundamental key to getting the buy in and positive reactions to implementing these compensation benefits. The best merit increase plan, healthcare plan, and 401(k) plan can generate positive employee reactions or a negative employee reaction. The actual effect depends on whether these plans are understood and accepted and whether employeesââ¬â¢ perceptions of the facts are positive. Finally, it is important to make sure we keep pace and understand what other organizations benefits are to their employees and we stay competitive to them, we also remember the employees must understand the benefits and buy in to them to be successful. References Better benefits communications can help to improve retention. (2005, April). Managing Benefits Plans, 5(4), 9. Retrieved from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=5&sid=09c97eff-2de5-4526-9558-66dcdfc85554%40sessionmgr114&hid=110 Brooks, C. (2012). Monetary benefits play increasing role in luring workers. BusinessNewsDaily, Retrieved from promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-74944568214855105292020-01-07T18:58:00.001-08:002020-01-07T18:58:02.218-08:00Review of Social Psychology Book by Claude Steele Claude Steele, in his book ââ¬Å"Whistling Vivaldi,â⬠sheds new light on how pervasive stereotypes can influence individualââ¬â¢s behavior and academic performance, and how they perpetuate in different social groups. Stereotype threat, as defined by Steele, is ââ¬Å"being at risk of confirming, as self-characteristic, a negative stereotype about a social group one identifies with.â⬠(Steele, 1997) It is a general phenomenon ââ¬â standard predicament of life ââ¬â that springs from intersubjectivity. (p.5) We tend to spontaneously categorize and label people according to their social groups. Whenever someone is placed in a situation where a certain stereotype can be applied to themselves, they can be judged and treated accordingly. When individualsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦For example, Asian males are under the stereotype that they excel in math. When Asian males who are relatively weak at math (compared to others in the group) are exposed to such identity contingencies, they may be facing the fear of disconfirming the groupââ¬â¢s positive stereotype and result in low performance. The pressure to perform as well as expected may create anxiety from the possibility of being the atypical subtype of the group. Also, Walton has proposed a theory of stereotype lift, which is enhancement in performance when people are exposed to negative stereotype. (Walt on Cohen, 2003) To strengthen the conclusions of the research, collecting samples across populations with varying aspects should be considered. Since stereotype threat has proven to be such a big factor affecting stereotyped individualsââ¬â¢ academic achievement, many researchers have turned their attention toward reducing such threats. Psychological intervention allowing minority students to become less susceptible to negative stereotypes about the groupââ¬â¢s abilities significantly improved their performance at school for a long time. Encouraging self-affirmation allowed people to affirm their self-worth and perceive themselves as good and competent, improving their performance at school and reducing accessibility of racial stereotypes. Self-affirmation alleviated anxiety from psychological threat ofShow MoreRelated Stereotypes and Identity in Lorraine Hansberryââ¬â¢s A Raisin in the Sun3301 Words à |à 14 Pagesa society. The dominant group of a certain society, which in this case is probably Caucasians and men, usually creates these social constructions. Claude M. Steele, a researcher from Stanford University , performed multiple research studies on the idea and psychological effects of stereotypes on its victims. In his studies, he coins the term ââ¬Å"stereotype threatâ⬠as the ââ¬Å"social-psychological predicament that can arise from widely-known negative stereotypes about ones group,â⬠which implies that ââ¬Å"theRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 PagesTopics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 Setting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-11045680969933765962019-12-30T15:23:00.001-08:002019-12-30T15:23:03.697-08:00Learning Numbers in English ESL Beginner Lessons The use of numbers for beginners is important. These exercises can be done almost like a grammar chant. The back and forth of a chant helps to memorize the numbers more quickly.à Learning the Numbers 1 to 20 Start by with numbers one through 20.à If you are teaching in a classroom, you can write a list on the board and point to the numbers, asking student to repeat after you as you point.à Once studentsà have learned these numbers, you can move on to other, larger numbers.à 1 - one2 - two3 - three4 - four5 - five6 - six7 - seven8 - eight9 - nine10 - ten11 - eleven12 - twelve13 - thirteen14 - fourteen15 - fifteen16 - sixteen17 - seventeen18 - eighteen19 - nineteen20 - twenty Practicing Random Numbers If you are working with a group of students, you can write a list of random numbers on the board and point to the numbers as you work your way around the classroom. Teacher: Susan, what number is this?Student(s): 15Teacher: Olaf, what number is this?Student(s): 2 Learning the Tens Next, students learn tens which they can use with ever larger numbers.à If you are teaching, you can write out a list of the tens and point to them one by one, asking the students to repeat after you: 10 - ten20 - twenty30 - thirty40 - forty50 - fifty60 - sixty70 - seventy80 - eighty90 - ninety100 - One hundred Combining Tens and Single Digits Next the teacher should write a list of various numbers, both single digits and multiples of ten and point to the numbers. This will allow students cover all the numbers up to 100. Ask your students toà repeat after you as you point to the numbers. For example: point to the 20 and then the two.à Student(s): 22Teacher: [points to 30 and six]Student(s): 36Teacher: [points to 40 and eight]Student(s): 48, etc Continue this exercise around the class. Contrasting Teens and Tens The teens and tens can be tricky because of difficulties is distinguishing between similar-sounding pairs like 13 - 30, 14 -40, etc. Write the following list of numbers and as you point to the numbers,à exaggerate the pronunciation, emphasizing the teen of each number and the unaccented y on the tens. 12 - 2013 - 3014 - 4015 - 5016 - 6017 - 7018 - 8019 - 90 Be careful to pronounce slowly, pointing out the difference in pronunciation between 14, 15, 16, etc. and 40, 50, 60, etc. Now ask your students to repeat after you. Teacher: Please repeat after me. 12 - 20Student(s): 12 - 2013 - 3014 - 4015 - 5016 - 6017 - 7018 - 8019 - 90 If numbers are especially important for your class, teaching basic math vocabulary should prove quite helpful as well. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-88184088212006115302019-12-22T11:10:00.001-08:002019-12-22T11:10:03.339-08:00Contemporary Psychodynamic Authors - 1984 Words Contemporary psychodynamic authors define defenses as unconscious mental processes that function to defend against extreme anxiety (e.g. Valliant, 1994). Moreover, defenses are observed as being both protectors against unconscious feelings and relational and cognitive behaviours that protect the self (Cooper, 1998). Currently there is no consensus as to the number of defenses that exist however, in ââ¬ËThe Ego and the mechanisms of Defenseââ¬â¢ Ana Freud (1936/1986) discusses ten. However, subsequently there has expansion of recognised defences (Kramer 2013). Although, authors vary on the number of defenses that are present, there is a largely an agreement on the role of defenses. The function of these defense mechanisms is to modify internal psychological conditions such as emotions and thoughts by changing the meaning or implication of perceived threats (Kramer 2013). Defenses are utilised differently in borderline personality and comparable disorders and therefore necessitat e accurate identification for therapeutic appropriate intervention (Cooper, 1998). Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe and dominant psychiatric condition featuring affective instability, marked impulsivity, and substantial deficits in the ability to work and sustain meaningful relationships (Hadjipavlou and Ogrodniczuk 2010). In addition, BPD individuals suffer with deep fear of abandonment, identity conflicts and paranoid ideations (Hadjipavlou and Ogrodniczuk 2010). Further, BPD individualsShow MoreRelatedFreudian Psychoanalysis As The Forerunner Of All Psychotherapeutic Methods979 Words à |à 4 Pagesperiod and genital stage. Freud argues that personality development across these stages is a reflection of how the impulses and drives were accomplished in the different developmental stages (Jones Butman, 2012) Do you agree with or disagree with the author? Explain I do agree with the Jones and Butman that as Christians we are likely to disregard Freudian views on personality development because of the theoryââ¬â¢s differences with our Christian worldview. Jones and Butman argue that Conservative ChristiansRead MoreThe Diverse Nature of Psychology Essay examples1075 Words à |à 5 Pagesmajor perspectives: psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, sociocultural, biological, and evolutionary. This diversity within psychology, allows psychologists the ability to expand in all areas of explanation, assessment, and diagnoses, which furthers the science of psychology through many different subfield specialties. Influence on Psychologyââ¬â¢s Major Concepts Diversity is off great influence on the major concepts in psychology. The cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic perspectivesRead MorePsychoanalytical Theory and Cognitive Behavior Theory1567 Words à |à 7 PagesRunning Header: JOURNAL REVIEW Journal Review: An assessment of contemporary studies to Psychoanalytical theory and Cognitive Behavior theory. Abstract Psychoanalytical theory and cognitive behavior theory (CBT) are currently two of the most utilized psychotherapeutic modalities in Western psychology. In the current review of literature, the salience of both theories is analyzed through the evaluation of contemporary studies on the two theories. 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Indeed, it is difficult to imagine the acceptance of any contemporary psychological stream without the American mental health movement of the early 1900ââ¬â¢s. When comparing the methods used by contemporary clinical and counselling psychologists, one must recognise the contributions of Carl Rogers, whose non-directive, humanistic counselling approach relied upon client-centered methods promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-35776400357404193292019-12-14T07:39:00.001-08:002019-12-14T07:39:03.987-08:00Mexico, Central America and the caribbean Free Essays The book, Victors and Vanquished: Spanish and Nahua Views of the Conquest of Mexico, made use of extracts from an report taken by Bernal Diaz in 1632 regarding the victory of the Spaniards. The book also made use of the statements made by the native Nahua survivors which were collected by Bernardino de Sahagun. The book showed how differences of opinion or biases as well as personal interests could play as a major factor in the interpretation of a particular event. We will write a custom essay sample on Mexico, Central America and the caribbean or any similar topic only for you Order Now Among the many strong points of the book is the fact that it gave its reader a broad assessment and analysis of the main sources which historians used when describing the events that occurred and the consequences that the conquest of Mexico had entailed.à The fact that Schwartz divided the book into two central sections is proof enough that he considered his readers to be primarily composed of students. The book had been divided into two separate sections, ââ¬Å"Chronology of the Conquest of Tenochtitlanâ⬠and a helpful dictionary which tackles terms used by both the Spanish and the Nahua. Mexica is used as a reference to those people who have control of the Tenochititlan before the arrival of the Spaniards in 1519. Todayââ¬â¢s modern day Mexico had been dominated by the Mexica and that is primarily the reason why the people they have conquered speaks their tongue, Nahuatl thus not all those who speaks the language of Nahuatl can be considered as a Mexica. But there are people living in the South (which we now refer to as Central America) who make use of some Mayan dialects in speaking. The Nahuaââ¬â¢s are Native Americans who lives in Central and eastern Mexico. The first part of the book provided us with an introduction of the history of the Mesoamerica during the conquest. It also showed how diverse those Mesoamericans are during that time. Another important thing that the writer of the book considered is how the difference of ethnicity could affect a retelling of a particular history thus the author made use of the primary sources gathered by both Spanish as well as the indigenous people. Schwartz gave an illustration of the coming of the Mexica. He also described how the Mexica build their capital, Tenochtitlan. The book also showed in detail how bitter the relationship of the indigenous people is with their conquerors, the Mexica. It also offered a description of the character of those Spaniards conqueror that inhabited both the Caribbean and the Central America. Schwartz also showed how greatly the Spaniards differ from the Natives especially in recording important events on their history. The latter made use of hieroglyphic texts which are usually accompanied by dance, tales and songs. Schwartz also made it a point to show how different the stories presented by both sides in recounting the events that occurred during the conquest. It is very puzzling how the same event could be recounted differently, dependent on who is the teller of the said event. Schwartz said that the primary reason for this difference is the fact that both sides had their own interests they wish to preserve. Those interests includes a mixture of politics, personal as well as cultural things each side wish to protect. Schwartz analyzed the texts based on the reasons which motivated different writers into writing the event between the indigenous people and the Mexica. He showed some examples on which a particular author made his report not merely because he wants to recount the exact things which happened during that time, but rather because he that author wants to please a certain patron. There are other examples which showed that religion affected the retelling of the said events. It showed that there are people who tried to justify their joining of the conquest in terms of their religion, particularly that of the Roman Catholic Church. On one particular chapter on the book, Schwartz noted that Diaz Del Castillo (one of his primary sources) had made use of other sources on recounting the events which occurred on the massacre of Mexica aristocrats (Things Fall Apart). Another thing Schwartz pointed out is the fact that previous enemies of the Aztecs (Mexica) had written most of the Tlaxacallan accounts and thus these writers had been biased on their retelling because of their yearning for people to view the Mexica as despicable people. I would rather make use of the term conquest in defining the relationship between the Nahua and the Spaniards. I have made use of that particular term because that is exactly what happened between the Spaniards and the Nahua. The Spaniards gained the lands the Nahua previously had by conquering its people and everything that goes within it. I mean they did not acquire the land by buying them, did they? The term cultural exchange may also be appropriate in describing the relationship between the Spaniards and the Nahua because it is very common for the conquerors to make those people they have conquered adapt to their cultures. This is very evident on the fact that the indigenous people have learned the language of their conquerors and they are using it even up to now. This adaptation could occur because of the length of exposure they have had with each other and mostly because of cross-marriages. Also, as conquerors they would want their religion to be known worldwide and thus they have made use of their power in order to make the natives into Christians. One of the primary reasons the Spaniards have in justifying their conquest is to make the word of their God be known to all and thus it is no wonder that they have made use of their power in order to convert the people they have conquered into Christians. However, religion could be just a tactics the conquerors may have employed for some other ulterior motives which could either be gold or glory or a combination of both. As I have said the term conqueror would be more appropriate than the term cultural exchange because the change of culture is more predominant to the conquered rather than to the conquerors. Of course, the native may have had influenced their conquerors in one way or another but most of these conquerors views the indigenous people as inferior and thus they would not want these people to influence them in any way. Thus, it is possible that no real exchange of culture really occurred especially since the change of culture is expected only from the conquered. The Conquest of Mexico City could also be viewed as a war between Spaniards and Spaniards as well as between Natives American and the Native Americans. This is very evident that the recounting of this historical events vary not only between the Spaniards and the Natives, rather the stories of the Spaniards vary even among themselves and same things can be told between the Natives. These differences among themselves may have occurred because of their differences of interests. For the Natives for one, some of them have adapted completely with the terms required by their conquerors and they view their being conquered as a blessing thus they support the Spaniards wherein some Natives do not want the conquerors in their lands and they view the things done by the Spaniards as nothing but abused on the Natives and thus they would recount their tales in such a way that the Spaniards would look like a real villain. To conclude, I think that the book presented both sides of the story well in such a way that the author did his best in order not to pick sides. He recounted the Conquest in a manner which attempted to give his readers a good view to both sides of the parties involved. Thus, all in all, the book is an interesting read and it is very beneficial especially for those who want to gain knowledge about the Conquest of Mexico. Reference: Schwartz, Stuart B. Victors and the Vanquished: Spanish and Nahua Views of the Conquest of Mexico (2000). Bedford/St. Martinââ¬â¢s, 2000. à à How to cite Mexico, Central America and the caribbean, Essay examples promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-44438816894802314622019-12-06T04:02:00.001-08:002019-12-06T04:02:03.500-08:00The Keynesian Theory and the Great Depression free essay sample A study of the theories of economist John Maynard Keynes and their connections with the Great Depression. The paper discusses the theories of John Maynard Keynes who is known as the father of modern economics. He was the first economist who precisely described some of the causes and cures for recessions and depressions. The paper explores some of the effects his theories had on the Great Depression such as the Employment Act and the Council of Economic Advisors. It also shows the effects of his theories on World War II and provides a time-line for the Great Depression. Thus, according to Keynes, the solution that he bought through his theory was for the government to goose up its spending in any way it can either by printing money, cutting taxes, or increasing spending itself. He believed in supply and demand, which was an indirect way to let the economy balance itself. We will write a custom essay sample on The Keynesian Theory and the Great Depression or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In his theory he not only convinced that in order to work for this system to work people needed money, which could only be done by creating jobs. He further believed that in order to reduce unemployment the government needed to increase the total demand, which is the total amount of goods being demanded. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-75008556197931894682019-11-28T22:40:00.001-08:002019-11-28T22:40:05.624-08:00Bless Me Ultima Character Growth Essays - Ultima, Bless Me, Ultima Bless Me Ultima Character Growth A Religious Struggle Only a few books dare to discuss the confusion surrounded by a religious awakening. In Bless Me Ultima, Richard A. Anaya, Premio Quinto Sol national Chicano literary award recipient, challenges standard religion and brings in different ideas through the perspective of a young and confused boy. Due to the new ideas that he is introduced to, the events that occurs especially deaths, and his eagerness for knowledge all leads Antonio to question his religious beliefs. At the end of his struggle to understand, the boy reaches the peace of mind he was seeking. Throughout the book Antonio is introduced to many new ideas. The first is the experiences he has with Ultima. Ultima is a healer who learned her techniques from an old wise man on the llano or prairie. She is sometimes called a bruja or witch. This confuses Antonio because in his heart he knows Ultima represents good and not the evil she is sometimes blamed for. Antonio learns some of the ways of Ultima and begins to understand his surroundings. He knows the name of almost every plant and what medicinal use each has. As the novel continues there is a stronger interpretation of Ultimas powers as she heals Antonios Uncle Lucas. This is the beginning of good versus evil or god versus the devil, Lucas had seen Tenerios daughters performing devil worship in the woods and in return the daughters placed a curse on his hair. When the curse was revoked by Ultima it went into effect against the daughters and as they began to die Tenerio went into an evil rage against the powers of Ultima. Anto nio was then introduced to the Golden Carp and the story of the waters surrounding the town and its influence, which also allows Antonio to question the influence of god within his life, and the new power behind the carp. The next revelation for Antonio is the myth of the golden carp. Antonio learns about the golden carp from Cico, a friend of his. According to Cico, the golden carp was once a god who loved the people of Antonio's town, Guadalupe. The people were not allowed to fish for the brown carp that lived in the river that flowed around the town. These fish were sacred to the gods. However, because of a drought and no food, the people had to eat the carp to survive. This angered the gods. They wanted to punish all the people by death but they relented from killing the people. Instead, they turned the people into carp and made them live forever in the waters of the river- (80). The god who loved the people wished to become a carp like them to protect them from the dangers of the river. The gods agreed and because he was a god they made him very big and colored him the color gold (81). Antonio cannot believe there is a new god and seeks answers from Ultima. Ultima is pleased that he has learned s o much, but says she cannot tell him what to believe for he must decide for himself. The Golden Carp represents all the questions Tony has about religion and morality. Tonys confusion is due to conflicting forces in both these aspects of life. When Cico first introduces the Carp to Tony, he is forced to make a tough decision, Do you believe the Golden Carp is a god? which he skillfully evades until he has the information he wants to make his decision (106). After the emergence of the Carp, Tony begins to question his Catholic upbringing, and he wonders why God punishes people. This is when Tony begins to set his idealism aside and truly looses his spiritual innocence. In the early part of the novel Antonio already starts to begin questioning his relationship with God. The events that occurs throughout the novel especially deaths has a huge impact on the struggles he has with his religious beliefs. In chapter one Antonio takes his first steps toward his loss of innocence, The brown water would be stained with blood, forever and ever and ever. Lupitos death is the first time that he is faced with promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-57443506855764156582019-11-25T06:15:00.001-08:002019-11-25T06:15:06.337-08:00Should I Include My LinkedIn Profile URL on My ResumeShould I Include My LinkedIn Profile URL on My Resume The short answer to the title question is YES! Your LinkedIn profile URL has become a standard item to put in your resume header, along with name, address and phone. Why? 90% of hiring managers now use social media, with LinkedIn as a primary resource, to research candidates. So your email address and LinkedIn URL have become more important information for employers than your street address!à In fact, you can omit your street address from the header and include just city and state, since correspondence happens most often by email. Employers do want to know your location, but not down to your street. Craft Your Public Profile URL Before you put your LinkedIn profile address on your resume or business card, make sure choose an address you want. You can edit your ââ¬Å"Public Profile URLâ⬠through the Edit menu on LinkedIn and get rid of all those distracting letters and numbers at the end of the URL. www.linkedin.com/in/brendabernstein looks so much better than www.linkedin.com/in/brendabernstein/16/b93/429 doesnââ¬â¢t it?à And it takes upà a LOT less space on your resume! To change your URL, go to your profile page and click on the Edit public profile URL button in the upper right: This will take you to a screen where you can edit your profile address. Click the pencil icon: Then enter your new address. Note that your URL cannot contain any special characters and is limited to 30 characters. Is the name you want unavailable? Try your last name followed by your first name, use an initial or two, or insert dashes or another symbol. Find a solution that works for you! **Keyword Tip: If you have room to add keywords at the end of your profile URL, you can get search engine optimization (SEO) mileage out of adding your top keyword directly after your name! For instance, johnjonescorporatecounsel or janesmithitdirector. Adding these keywords will not affect your search rankings within LinkedIn itself, but it will provide some leverage in Google searches. Your LinkedIn Profile URL on Your Resume Here are some formats you might use when adding your LinkedIn address to your resume: For more graphic savvy, create a button on your online resume or website that links to your LinkedIn profile. LinkedIn no longer provides button images, but they still exist in cyberspace! Hereââ¬â¢s what they look like: Once youââ¬â¢ve saved the image to your computer, insert it in the header of your resume and hyperlink it to your LinkedIn profile! In Word, youââ¬â¢ll find the hyperlink function under the Insert tab, Links section: Hereââ¬â¢s what the final product might look like: Of course, if anyone prints your resume, this LinkedIn button will not be clickable from the printed document. So always create a version with the hyperlink spelled out for anyone you hand your resume to on paper. ** Tip: If you dont already own yourname.com for other purposes, such as a blog or other job search marketing materials, this option might be a good one for you. For example, instead of listing your profile at the top of your resume as https://www.linkedin.com/in/brendabernstein, you could write LinkedIn profile: www.brendabernstein.com, which looks much cleaner and also shows that you are tech-savvy. [I credit this tip to a client who told me he had purchased his name.com domain and then pointed the domain to his LinkedIn page.] ** IMPORTANT! If you have your LinkedIn profile URL on any documents or email signatures and then you change it, update your documents and signatures! Write an Effective LinkedIn Profile to Accompany Your Resume If you put your LinkedIn profile URL on your resume, be prepared that someone will click on it! In reality, whether or not you put your LinkedIn URL on your resume, hiring managers will search for you on LinkedIn.à It is therefore essential that you have a LinkedIn profile and that it is written to impress. That means itââ¬â¢s not a straight regurgitation of your resume content. My e-books, How to Write a WINNING Resume, How to Write a STELLAR Executive Resume, and How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile will help you craft both a resume and a LinkedIn profile that keeps you in the ââ¬Å"Yesâ⬠pile when a recruiter or hiring manager is considering your application. The Essay Expert also offers individualized resume reviews and full resume writing packages, plus LinkedIn profile reviews and full LinkedIn profile writing packages. Contact The Essay Expert if you have questions or are interested in our services. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-14154630838636029592019-11-21T13:39:00.001-08:002019-11-21T13:39:03.968-08:00Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 3Finance - Essay Example There were already reports of rising default on subprime mortgages that further fuelled quickly thereafter. Such mortgages are usually given to borrowers with below average credit ratings which are mainly due to their higher average risk of evasion in loan repayment. The financial institutions often charge higher interest on subprime mortgages in order to compensate for the risk taken. Thus, as the banks began clear out more loans to home owners, the housing prices rose. The easy accessibility of credit in U.S. in addition to large foreign inflows led to the boom in construction and increased consumer spending that was mostly financed by debt. The falling prices of houses resulted in more homes less worthy than mortgaged loans which provided a financial incentive to financial institution to take possession of mortgaged property when the mortgagor failed redeem loans leading to financial crisis in banking sector (Brunnermeier, pp.78-81). 2- What would a commercial bank's balance sheet have looked like in 1973? What would an investment bank's balance sheet have looked like in 1973? Considering Bear Stearns in 2007, was it closer to a commercial bank or an investment bank? During the period of 1973, the commercial bank operations involved both issuing loans as well as taking deposits. The loans and deposits were shown in the lendersââ¬â¢ balance sheet. On the other hand the investment banking operations involved underwriting activities such as underwriting equity and debt. In addition to underwriting activities, the investment banking operations also included buying and selling of securities. The investment bankers would buy securities such as debt and equities from a syndicate bank and then sell such security to investors. Thus, the investment bank would act like a market maker and their functions were similar to that of a broker or a dealer. Historically, the financial companies could slot in both investment and the commercial banking activities. It was only after the Great Depression Era that the congress realized the intrinsic risk of underwriting securities and hence decided to separate the commercial banking activities from the investment banking activities. Such a step was taken to protect the depositors from the risk of defaulting from underwriting activities. The Congress issued Glass-Steagall Act to separately identify the commercial and investment banking activities of the banks. The distinction between the investment banks and commercial banks narrowed during the mid 80s. In the late 80s, Fed started removing the Glass-Steagall Act that restricted the interference of investment activities from commercial activities. This Act was ratified by the Congress in the year 1999 with passing of Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. After the issue of this new act many investment and commercial banks were consolidated that resulted into renowned conglomerates like UBS group, Citi group, JP Morgan Chase, and so on. But other exclusive investment banks like Bear Sterns decided not to enter the commercial banking activities and take deposits. 3- Bear Stearns fell quickly. On March 10th, SEC Chairman Christopher Cox described Bear as being "well-capitalized". Do you agree with this assessment? Why or why not? Bear Sterns & Co. also known as Bear was the fifth-largest investment bank promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-30952992607994945832019-11-20T14:21:00.001-08:002019-11-20T14:21:04.597-08:00King Lear by Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsKing Lear by Shakespeare - Essay Example Thesis Art helps the main characters to find the truth, understanding the meaning of friendship and love, and resist chaos and evil. In King Lear, the concept of art is based on binary opposition; good - evil, life - death, chaos - order. Using his techniques, Shakespeare 'teaches' the audience about good and bad, virtues and sins, social and immoral behavior. For instance, actions of Duke of Cornwall and Regandepict low morals of people who act in their own interests only forgetting about human virtues and goodness. Regansarcastically comments: "Which the most precious square of sense possesses, / And find I am alone felicitate / In your dear Highness' love" (Shakespeare 1999). Using binary opposition of good and evil, Shakespeare unveils consequences of selfishness and egoism, aggressiveness and low personal values of people. In opposition to Regan and Goneril, Shakespeare creates a character of Cordelia a loving and sympathetic daughter. The nonsensical action caused sufferings for many innocent people because of dishonor, falsehood, low moral values 'preached' by the society. Evil and sins ruin happiness and art seeing as a constructive force of happiness and love. In contras to her sisters Cordelia truly loves her father and cares about him: "O dear father, / It is thy business that I go about" (Shakespeare 1999). Without this opposition, the audience would be unable to see the differences and contrasts between good and evil nature. Following Eldridge (2003): "conceptual art are "at the service of the mind" in that they are intended to set up in an audience a line of thinking about a subject matter. Most literary works clearly undertake to describe an action, situation, or event" (25). These contrasts and oppositions help Shakespeare to create a story conflict and draw attention to contrasting elements and personal traits. For instance, Earl of Gloucester is a foil of King Lear who commits the same faults as Lear. For while deploying descriptive detail in the conventional realistic way to build up a rich and convincing impression of Earl of Gloucester and the world he creates, Shakespe are uses realism. In contrast to King Lear, Gloucester is not so powerful and stubborn. Gloucester says: "I desir'd their leave that I might pity him, they took from / me the use of mine own house, charg'd me on pain of perpetual/ displeasure neither to speak of him, entreat for him, nor sny / way sustain him" (Shakespeare 1999). Shakespeare compares and contrasts both rulers who suffer the burdens of rule. It is important to note that identifying something as art, then, is indispensable to artistic practices. That something is art signals how and even whether readers are to respond to it interpretively, aesthetically, and appreciatively. King Lear demonstrates that art is an important part of life because it leads to self-knowledge and self-development. What is particularly interesting in the plot of King Lear is its exceptionally broad psychological and sociological scope, involving characters from practically all bands of the dynamic spectrum and social classes. Eldridge (2003) comments: "A work promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-64112717565241529912019-11-18T11:02:00.001-08:002019-11-18T11:02:03.737-08:00A Hospital Room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsA Hospital Room - Essay Example There was also a big photo of Mother Teresa placed on a shelf. The two sceneries, as mentioned before, were giving a pleasing look. In the first scenery, there was a big blue sea and birds were shown as flying in the air. There were also two hands seemed like praying for the health of people. In the second scenery, an array of colors was shown which was also adding to the overall pleasing environment of the hospital room. As far as the internal climate of the hospital room is concerned, I would say that it was normal and a bit inclined towards cold temperature. There were early summers those days so the temperature was kept a bit cold to make patients feel good. Overall, the environment of the hospital room and the services that were provided to me asà the patient reflected the sense of a healing environment. In a hospital room with healing environment, the focus is not just to provide good treatment to patients, but also to provideà the healing and memorable experience to them. The behavior of the nursing staff and that of the doctor was extremely good. There was also the facility of the hearing light music in the room using the hands-free device. There were also two comfortable chairs placed near each of the three beds for visitors and caretakers. Another attractive feature of the room was that it accompanied three small bathrooms each for each of the three patients admitted in the room. The bed in my room had side rails that could be raised and lowered using a remote control. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-39416641456061130552019-11-15T23:34:00.001-08:002019-11-15T23:34:10.400-08:00Benedict Arnold: Impact On American HistoryBenedict Arnold: Impact On American History During the middle of the eighteenth century, many questions arose regarding the future of the American Colonies, a relatively vast collection of British Colonial settlements along the Atlantic coast of the New World. As a schism divided the citizens of the Colonies, war appeared to be the inevitable future. Due to countless years of benign neglect shown by the British to its little child, patriots felt that it was time for an epic revolution. This era of great revolutionary movements is characterized by many popular figureheads in American history. Great minds such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington are accredited for being most influential. One man, however, is often overlooked in playing a vital role, both positive and negative, in the revolutionary landscape. His name is associated with traitor and he is quite possibly the most infamous person in American history. People have vilified him to the point where they compare him to Judas, betrayer of Jesus Ch rist (Martin). Benedict Arnold, one of the most controversial men to have called himself an American, is considered to be one of the greatest military minds in the history of the world. The question is: what made him switch sides? His impact is undeniable, but unfortunately, his actions against the United States are, quite simply, too immense to forget. SIGNIFICANCE: Background: Early Life and Pre-Revolution Benedict Arnold was born January 14, 1741 in Norwich, Connecticut. His Father, Benedict, was a successful businessman and his mother, Hannah Waterman-King, was a wealthy widow prior to re-marrying. His familys financial stature in Norwich was well recognized. Benedict was enrolled in a private school at a young age with the expectation that he would go on to be educated in an elite university (Creighton). His Fathers mismanagement of money, however, saw Benedict drop out of school, forcing him to take an apprenticeship with his mothers pharmaceutical business. Four of Arnolds siblings would eventually succumb to Yellow Fever. The combination of the death of his children, mismanagement of the fortune, and eventually, the death of his wife in 1759, saw Benedicts father to become a severe alcoholic (Sheinkin). Arnold would eventually see his first military action during the French Indian War, leaving his apprenticeship to join the cause. He enlisted in the Connecticut militia and march ed to Lake George and Albany to oppose the French in the Battle of Fort William Henry. The Indians supporting the French would go against the will of their French leaders who had promised them scalps and booty, going on to mercilessly massacring several hundred men in the militia (Hickman). From this moment, Arnold despised the French, which have said to influence him later on. After the crushing defeat, Benedict grew tired of the constant discipline and returned to his apprenticeship. http://www.ushistory.org/valleyforge/served/images/arnold.jpg Sons of Liberty Benedict Arnold grew to become a successful businessman. His rich cousins supplied him with enough money to go out on his own in the pharmaceutical business. Arnold traveled to Europe, where he bought necessary supplies for his own pharmaceutical business which he would go on to establish in New Haven (Benedict Arnold). His business ambitions soon expanded after he made significant profit in his first business venture. He involved himself in the West India Trade and also traded with Canada. Arnold acquired three ships in partnership with his friend, Adam Babcock (Hickman). Their business was successful, until Englands implementation of the Sugar and Stamp Acts. Arnold became displeased with Britains overwhelming taxation on imported goods in order to make up for their indebted crisis after the French Indian War. His outrage led him to become the passionate leader of the Sons of Liberty in New Haven, building up his anger towards the British stranglehold placed upon t he Colonies. Arnold, however, was not the only one with growing hatred towards the British. http://media.giantbomb.com/uploads/4/48363/1108061-sons_of_liberty_poster_p228640904795152089trma_400_super.jpg In the middle of the 1700s, Britain began to impose several acts, taxes, and laws that paralyzed the progression of the Colonies. For example, in 1764, Britain imposed the Sugar Act, which increased the duties on non-British goods being traded with the Colonies. Later, in 1765, Britain passed the Quartering Act which forced the Colonies to supply and provide barracks for British troops. The last of the three initial Acts in the 1760s was the Stamp Act of 1765. The Stamp Act was the first direct taxation of the citizens of the Colonies, taxing all paper goods such as newspapers, pamphlets, and even playing cards. As a way of rebelling against the British oppression, the Stamp Act Congress was convened. The Stamp Act Congress passed a Declaration of Rights and Grievances, which claimed that American colonists were equal to all other British citizens, protested taxation without representation, and stated that, without colonial representation in Parliament, Parliament could not tax colon ists. In addition, the colonists increased their non-importation efforts (Morris). In the big scheme of things, this was just the beginning of tensions between the Colonies and Britain in the events before the Revolution. The tumult regarding the impositions put in place by the British initiated a power struggle within the colonies. Britain was consistently attempting to stamp out the flame that the Colonists were trying to start. Although the Brits repealed the Stamp Act in 1766, they fired right back by passing the Declaratory Act. This Act stated that the British government could establish laws in the colonies in all cases whatsoever (Morris). This squashed the Americans slogan of no taxation without representation. The first real call for revolution came in the form of Samuel Adams, who issued his Massachusetts Circular Letter which attacked Parliaments audacity to tax them at free will. Adams called for a unified revolt within all the colonies, which raised the question of, Can we really do this?. That question was answered by Thomas Paine, who wrote his famous pamphlet, Common Sense, to stimulate thought within the American population. Paine wrote in a manner that was well understood by all peop le, making his writings very successful. Paine said that it was only logical for the colonists to rebel, which caused many neutral thinkers to choose sides. This, however, only highlighted the schism between the American people. Commonsense.jpg An indicator of how tensions were breaking in this era is shown in the Boston Massacre of 1770. The arrival of British troops in Boston marked the beginning of conflict between soldiers and citizens. A group of three British soldiers were surrounded by an angry Bostonian crowd, which inexplicably caused the soldiers to fire randomly into the crown, killing three and wounding two more (Morris). Crispus Attucks, one of the casualties in the Massacre, was said to be The first death of the Revolution, as he lay mercilessly slain on the cold ground. Later, in 1773, Parliament instituted the Tea Act, considered to be the last revolutionary spark in Boston. It was a last ditch attempt to save the East India Company, forcing colonists to buy British tea with the Townshend taxes still in place. The colonists saw this as a direct attempt to undercut the revenue of local merchants. As reaction to this Act, the famous Boston Tea Party resulted in men dressed up as Indians and dumping all tea into the harbor. Tensions had reached their breaking point, and it was time for organized revolution. It is out of this revolution that gave rise to one of the greatest generals in American history, one that would rival Patton, Washington, and Eisenhower. However, his name is more despised than it is revered, but his impact in nonetheless undeniable. Benedict Arnold: American General With his livelihood significantly impaired by the British involvement imposed in the colonies, Benedict Arnold devoted himself to the resistance of British tyranny. As tensions with London increased, Arnold increasingly became interested in military matters and was elected a captain in the Connecticut militia in March 1775 (Hickman). When word was spread about the first shots being fired in the Revolution at Lexington and Concord, Benedict jumped at the chance to ruin the British. Arnold assembled his 60 troops in the college green, and decided to have them march north to partake in the Siege of Boston. Fort Ticonderoga As Arnold approached Boston from the south, he proposed an aggressive siege upon Fort Ticonderoga in New York to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety. He was commissioned as a colonel to lead the mission. He soon found out, however, that Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys were set to accomplish the same task. When Arnold and Allen met up, they clashed and battled for the right to control the siege. In the end, cooler heads prevailed, and The Green Mountain Boys fought with Arnolds men in a convincing takeover of Fort Ticonderoga under the joint command of Allen and Arnold. The battle itself took about a total of ten minutes, as the American revolutionaries attacked the fort at 3:00 AM, catching the guards totally off guard. After the siege, Allens men decided to have a party by plundering the fort. Arnold was far from amused, and reported to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety, There is here at present 100 men, who are in the greatest confusion and anarchy, destroying and plu ndering private property, committing every enormity, and paying no attention to public service (Sheinkin). Arnolds hatred of stagnation and inactivity made him want more. He had control of the southern portion of Lake Champlain, but sought full control of the lake. A fort on the opposite bank of the lake, Fort St. Johns, had possession of the greatest warship on the lake, the George. Arnold selected his 30 best troops to join him as they sailed across the lake to seize control of Ft. St. Johns, their primary objective being the seizure of the George. They reached the opposite bank on May 18, and were able to secure control of the Fort and the George without firing a single shot (Sheinkin). Arnolds quick actions and bravery were evident from the get-go, and it was only uphill for him from then on. http://www.lcmm.org/images/img_education/img_outreaches/brassier_map.jpg Benedict Arnolds brash and bold manner was recognized quickly by Congress. In fact, they were scared. Arnolds lightning quick seizure of Fort St. Johns came as a shock to many. The Americans didnt even have an official army yet, and Arnold was eager for more action. Benedict was often characterized when he had too much free time as, restless, frustrated, and irritated (Martin). Fortunately, Arnold wasnt held idle for long, but not for the reason he hoped. He returned to see to his sickly wife, who died at the young age of 30. Quebec The Continental Army had officially been formed, but Arnolds return home saw him catch severe symptoms of gout. After his brief term of absence, he returned to Cambridge to meet with George Washington. Their plan was to invade Quebec, and Arnold was to be Washingtons right-hand man. Arnold pitched the idea that he would approach Quebec from an uncharted and treacherous route through the dense forest of Maine. Arnold hand chose 1000 men to aid him on his perilous journey to seize Quebec. Arnold brought along Jacataqua, a friend of young Aaron Burr. She knew the areas around the Kennebec River, and proved to be a crucial asset to their journey. The terrain they encountered was characterized by dense, wooded areas with swampy grounds, making traversing them next to impossible. Almost one quarter of the troops eventually turned around and headed back. Conditions of survival were rough also, as many of the boats leaked, which in turn spoiled the food and gunpowder aboard. Once the group f inally reached the St. Lawrence River, only 600 of the 1050 initial troops remained. They had travelled almost 400 miles through uncharted territory and were relatively unarmed. The Battle of Quebec began, however, despite the damage cause to Arnold and his troops. Arnold met up with Major General Richard Montgomery and united their meager forces against the fortified city of Quebec (Hickman). The Americans saw a crushing defeat on December 30, and December 31 at the hands of the British and their reinforcements, almost putting Arnolds perilous journey in vain. Arnold was severely wounded in his leg and along with the death of Gen. Montgomery, the Americans were left with poor spirits. File:American attack on Quebec.svg Question of Character Benedict Arnold was promoted to Brigadier General and commanded the retreat south from Montreal in 1776. After a strong defense at Fort Ticonderoga, Arnolds bravery remained intact, but the trust and support of his troops did not. Some of his officers often called him cocky and even arrogant. Benedict saw many of his troops question his tactics and thought he was overly aggressive. Arnold was, in fact, falsely accused to have stolen war supplies so that he could be replaced. Fellow General, Horatio Gates, saw that Benedicts tight following to the rules and guidelines of war were too great for him to have stolen supplies. The court found him guilty, but Gates blocked this potential decision. Benedict had the right to feel angry over the his treatment by the other men (Benedict Arnold). It was occurrences such as these where he was mistreated that contributed to him eventually switching sides in the war. Much to Arnolds relief, he was sent back to Rhode Island to report to George Washi ngton in order to rearrange defenses in response to the British occupation of Rhode Island. Arnolds Frustration Arnolds first feelings of discontent with his treatment by Congress and his peers were evident as he was consistently passed up to be promoted to Major General. His peers, who were also inferior officers, generated rumors about him that permanently damaged his reputation. Arnold had evident jealousies also, which were seen as weak because such a minute outside interference could affect him on the inside. Virtue is a key concept in the Revolution, and Congress repeatedly insulted Arnolds virtue (Martin). Arnold twice withdrew from the army with the firm belief that his honor and hard work were not being recognized. Benedict was deeply unhappy with his treatment, and it wouldnt get much better. Redemption at Saratoga Commander Philip Schuyler was the man who convinced Arnold to stay in the Continental Army. He saw Arnold as someone who could provide a spark in the Northern Army, a unit with some disunion and lack of firepower. He was dispatched with some 900 men to relieve the siege at Fort Stanwix (Henretta). This siege was almost too easy for Arnold, who was surprised to return to find out it was now Horatio Gates who was in command. Gates, who is defined as a generally defensive commander, would not gel well with his polar opposite in terms of military mindset, Benedict Arnold. As General Burgoynes army moved south, Arnold sought aggressive attack on the vulnerable Brits. Gates, however, was reluctant, and held his men back. At the pivotal Battle of Bemis Heights on October 7, 1777, Arnold defied Gates authority and took command of a group of American soldiers whom he led in an assault against the British line. Arnolds attack threw the enemy into disarray and contributed greatly to the America n victory. Ten days later, Burgoyne surrendered his entire army at Saratoga (Benedict Arnold). Arnolds brave and risky actions actually saw himself relieved from Gates command. This, however, is just an example of how inferior minds were above Arnold in caste system of the Continental Army. The Battle of Saratoga is often considered to be the turning point in the war, and without Benedict Arnold, it all couldve gone in a disastrous direction. https://bmshistory7p8.wikispaces.com/file/view/fauvel-the-surrender-of-general-john-burgoyne-at-the-battle-of-saratoga-7th-october-1777.jpg/198767254/fauvel-the-surrender-of-general-john-burgoyne-at-the-battle-of-saratoga-7th-october-1777.jpg After the battle of Saratoga, a great momentum shift was recognized throughout the world. France decided they might finally have a chance to be part of a victory in a war, so they took up the prospect of joining the rebel campaign. The Continental Army was having a hard time matching man for man the numbers that the British had. If not for the British having to travel a vast ocean to re-supply and send troops, the results could have shifted in their favor. Benedicts Demons What may have been the final straw for Benedict Arnold was when Horatio Gates peevishly took all credit for the defeat of mighty Burgoynes troops. At the time, Arnold was bedridden in an Albany hospital due to a near fatal wound to the same leg wounded in the Battle of Quebec. Bedridden and helpless, Benedict Arnold gnashed his teeth at the distressing thought of Granny Gates receiving honors won by the blood and grit of better men (Creighton). Arnold then was forced to reassess his sacrifices and his rewards. The more he thought, the more bitter he grew. Describing his situation in the hospital, a firsthand account of a hospital worker said, Poison may have stopped oozing from his leg, but his heart remained full of rancor. Arnold wrote about his frustration with the American cause, he believed the patriots to be worse off than at the beginning of the war. Popular support for the Revolution was waning, and many saw loved ones lost. Much of his anger also focused on civilians in Cong ress who shorted supplies for the military and failed to acknowledge the contributions made by fighting patriots. How can Congress allow this army to starve in a land of plenty? he penned. The Turning Point George Washington, who still had bountiful faith in Arnold, told the permanently crippled Benedict that he was to protect the recently seized Philadelphia. Benedict even partook in the first recorded Oath of Allegiance, ironically, which shows ones loyalty to the United States (Sheinkin). Once in command of Philadelphia, Arnold began to envelop himself in questionable business deals in order to regain his previous financial losses suffered during much of the Revolutionary War. Basically, Benedict used his position as Military Commander to profit from war-related supply movements. Many people in the city recognized his sketchy behavior, and many began to accumulate significant evidence against him. Arnold learned to live extravagantly in Philadelphia, which despite its recent change in occupants, remained to have Tory influences (Henretta). These influences are known to have helped convince Benedict to switch sides. On top of all his newfound wealth and stature, Benedict re-married a woman by the name of Peggy Shippen, daughter of judge Edward Shippen, a notorious advocate of the loyalist cause. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Peggy_Shippen_and_daughter.jpg/220px-Peggy_Shippen_and_daughter.jpg Arnold would eventually be tried by a court-martial on two accounts of illegal activity as Military Commander in Philadelphia. Eventually, the judge reached a verdict that he should be reprimanded by the commander-in-chief. Washington saw Arnold as being used as a scapegoat and as a victim or persecution. George Washington pushed the matter aside, instead granting Arnold complete control over the seizure of West Point. Washington was oblivious to Arnolds sense of unhappiness, and now is the time when Benedict jumps ship. Espionage Arnold grew tired of the American stagnation; he had seen the cost at which freedom comes. Arnold saw the atrocities that followed the rough winter at Valley Forge, where soldiers were reduced to eating shoe leather outside of British occupied Philadelphia. The only question in his mind was, Does the end really justify the means? Arnolds disgust towards the American causes reached its boiling point at the time of French intervention in the war. Arnold had grown to despise the French, ever since his early days of contributing in the French Indian War. He had been affected by the Tory influence that resided in Philadelphia, which played a crucial role in his change of mindset. Benedict Arnold was said to have first reached out to the enemy in May of 1779. Major John Andre, a British officer, acted as a courier between Arnold and Sir Henry Clinton. It was through Andre that the two men delivered secret encrypted messages regarding the possibility of a tradeoff. Benedict Arnold was in a particular position that would allow him to give the British what they had wanted since the beginning of the Revolutionary War: the Hudson River (Hickman). In exchange, Arnold was to receive around three million US dollars (in todays currency). Another influence in Arnolds decision was his new wife. Peggy Shippen proved to have been a close friend of Andres, and is credited with having set up the whole communication system.http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mafy5aVDpp1rtn3ufo1_400.jpg Arnold resigned his post as Military Commander of Philadelphia, and gained total control of West Point on August 3, 1780. On August 15, Arnold received an encrypted letter from General Clinton, which included his final offer of à £20,000. In return, Arnold sent his acceptance of the offer and inside information regarding French reinforcements and the movements of Washingtons troops. Arnold became more and more comfortable at West Point, and systematically weakened his defenses in order to let his scheme flow better. The goal was for a siege without a single bullet. Arnold drained West Point of supplies to the point that his subordinates thought he was crazy. An eventual meeting was scheduled between Andre and Arnold to meet face to face on September 21. The HMS Vulture, the ship meant to carry Andre back to New York, was fired upon, causing it to retreat back down the Hudson River. Andre, as a result, had to return to New York on foot. He was given instructions and maps to wiggle hi s way through enemy lines, but he was eventually caught two days later with Arnolds documents in place. George Washington was said to have been calm at the time he found out, but one thing was on his mind. Washington knew that they had to destroy this guy top, bottom, and sideways and forever associate him with treason (Martin). There was nothing Washington wanted more than Arnold at his feet, begging for his mercy. Washington negotiated with the British, hoping to get an exchange for the captured Andre. To no avail, Andre was hanged October 2, 1780 on account of being a spy. The New Arnold Theres an old saying Ive always known, and it says: No one likes a traitor, even if hes your traitor. And this couldnt have been more evident than the case of Benedict Arnold. He was never trusted by the British, whether it was on the battlefield, or just in general. He was never promoted above the rank of Brigadier, and he was never handed any major military operations under the Crown. Until the eventual fall of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Arnold was never considered to be a major factor in the British scheme of the Revolutionary War. George Washington ordered his immediate hanging should he be caught. All Americans knew about his becoming a traitor; his name was wiped from all military records and was essentially deleted from the very country that revered him as a Revolutionary hero. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/WestPoint1780.jpg/220px-WestPoint1780.jpg Arnold, however never lost his military touch. He acted as an advisor in the British Army, and begged that Cornwallis flee Yorktown in favor of a landlocked base instead of one bound by land and sea. This, however, lead to the eminent downfall of the British Army. They were surrounded by the French Navy by sea, and the Continental Army by land. This lead to the surrender at Yorktown on October 19, 1781. Legacy Arnolds legacy is best represented by Benjamin Franklins quote, Judas sold only one man, Arnold sold three million. Biographers over the times have characterized him as a demonic and miserable figure. Some have even told stories about how he entered the world as the antichrist. Benedict Arnolds military gains shouldnt be overlooked, however. His impact on the Revolutionary War goes without saying, albeit both positive and negative. He played the most significant role in the turning point of the war, along with being one of the bravest and most intelligent military leaders of all time. Unfortunately, in the end, his negatives greatly outweigh his positives. His legacy has been so tarnished, that a memorial commemorating his honor and valor cannot show his face. Instead, it shows his leg, commemorating the Battle of Saratoga and all he did for his nation that day. It reads, In memory of the most brilliant soldier of the Continental army, who was desperately wounded on this spot, winnin g for his countrymen the decisive battle of the American Revolution, and for himself the rank of Major General. He deserted the country that had learned to embrace him. He deserted the country that turned out to be the greatest country to ever exist. And he deserted those who believed in him, like his brothers on the battlefield and his children back home. Benedict Arnold was the first traitor in the history of the United States of America, and hopefully there will be no more. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/JeffersonDavisBenedictArnoldTreasonCartoon1865.jpg/240px-JeffersonDavisBenedictArnoldTreasonCartoon1865.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Arnold-boot.jpg/220px-Arnold-boot.jpg Significance Words cannot describe the significance of Benedict Arnolds impact on the United States of America. You could ask the majority of the people in the country, and the very thought of him will make some people gag. How someone could rise to the prowess of being a Revolutionary hero to the pit of being the most despised man in American history is beyond me. On the positive side of his significance, Arnold exemplifies all characteristics of being a great General. Whether its his bravery to throw himself and others into a situation with confidence shows his great ability as a military mind. Without the confidence to throw yourself into desperate situations, how could you possibly win over the respect and confidence of your men? His military mind is unmatched in regards to other Generals of the Continental Army. George Washington is revered in the United States as the Golden Boy. In hindsight, he was nothing more than an average military leader. Washington overshadows Arnold all because of Arnolds inability to stay true to the Revolutionary cause. Lastly, Arnold wasnt afraid to stand up for what he believed in. Arnold had an ability to actively express his opinions, which most of the time were right. Even in the time he was down and out on himself, he attempted to help the cause by expressing his knowledgeable opinion, one thing many peopl e dont have the ability to do. Arnolds contributions for the construction of the United States shouldnt be overlooked because what he actually did was truly astounding. On the negative side, Arnold is significant because he is, quite clearly, one of the most hated men in American history. He is an example for all people in the world, not just the United States, as to what exactly you DO NOT want to be. Arnold shows the world why you shouldnt turn your back on your country, it tarnishes your name forever, and you will never have the chance to amend for your mistakes. Not one person should aspire to turn on your country; it makes you seem to be a coward and spineless. Arnold is also significant because it shows us how we must respect and treat our military with the utmost concern and respect. Albeit Arnold was frequently outspoken and a diva, he recognized early on that the early Unites States didnt properly recognize all of its prized military officers. In the end, Arnolds reasoning for deserting the United States doesnt justify him doing it. Although he wasnt respected as the military genius he knew he was, Arnold was too easily tempted by money and by concrete things. His temptation for money and greed overshadowed the love and respect for his country that all men and women alike should have. Not just in the United States, but in all other corners of the Globe as well. What-Ifs What-If #1: What if Benedict Arnold hadnt changed sides? Had Benedict Arnold not changed sides, he most certainly would have been revered up in the same ranks as George Washington. Washingtons accomplishments are incredible, no doubt, but Arnolds are a close rival. The impact Arnold played during the war was something most people probably dont know. You could ask someone about Arnold, and they would probably call him a traitor because he gave Britain information. Little do most people know is that he was in many opinions the greatest General of the Revolutionary War. If you look at how he climbed in the ranks of the Continental Army, you would see him go from just the Commander of his local militia into a Major General in the span of about three years. In todays military, that is something that takes years, decades even. Had Arnold remained true to the United States, he would be revered as a hero, and up in the ranks with the likes of Franklin, Jefferson, Hancock, John Adams, Sam Adams, and Alexander Hamilton. He would be attributed with h elping build this country not through speech or on a piece of paper like most of the Founding Fathers, but through his bravery and active duty in the Revolutionary War. Had he remained true to the United States, there would be memorials in his honor. For example, the one at Saratoga wouldnt be just an unspecified leg; it could be of him standing on a hill symbolizing his complete domination of the most crucial battle during the Revolutionary War. It could have been Arnold who would have strategized the defeat of the British at Yorktown, that would surely make him an American hero, wouldnt it? Its sad to see such a great General fall from fame in the manner of which Arnold did. He couldve become the most iconic spectacle in all of American history. If only he couldve had the vision that Washington had for this country, or Jefferson, for that matter, he quite literally could have been great. What-If #2: What if Arnolds scheme had worked? Had Arnolds plan of giving up West Point to the British worked, it could have completely changed the outcome of the war. West point was considered to be so valuable due to its prime location, right on the Hudson River. West Point was the most wanted object by the British. They saw West Point as a crucial port where they could control what went in and what came out. The spot was hand selected by Washington because of its great natural fortifications and geographic spot. Had the British succeeded in their attempt to capture West Point, momentum could have greatly shifted in their favor. Americans would be disappointed and low on morale because one of their own had plotted their downfall, and the British could have capitalized by crushing the demoralized Continental Army. To this day, we could be under British control, having our daily tea and crumpets along with having a monarchial body in our government (Weird to think about, huh?). This is why it was so important that Arnold was caug ht, however. That very moment in our history could have very well dictated the very outcome of the war. If not for Arnolds plan being foiled, The United States of America may not exist. Talk about something that would not only impact us, but promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153670097432118263.post-42026412872157565032019-11-13T12:04:00.001-08:002019-11-13T12:04:05.025-08:00Frankenstein :: essays research papers Frankenstein à à à à à Love is an aspiration based on admiration and benevolence. To love another is to admire them and to have a warm attachment to them. Many things in oneââ¬â¢s life have the ability to cloud or cover up feelings of love. Things such as rage, hate, ugliness, and revenge. Despite these negative feelings and thoughts, love is present in every being, every animal, and anything that possesses the beautiful thing we call life, because to be alive is lovinââ¬â¢. There is an excellent book titled Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, that displays the use of unseen love to drive a creature to destruction, murder and, devastation. Can such a being who has committed so many acts of wretchedness contain such a feeling as love? à à à à à Some people think that for such a being that love is not possible to obtain, and others will agree, but argue that although it may be impossible to obtain love from something , it is easy and very possible to have love for something. Throughout the whole novel, the monster talks of revenge on the doctor for making him live with his ugliness and being rejecting by people because of it. Even the doctor was frightened and ran away when he first saw his creationââ¬â¢s hideous looks and monstrous body. Right off the bat, the doctor could have killed the fiend and rid himself of it forever, but he didnââ¬â¢t. He knew that for him to kill this thing, it would be like killing his own beloved child. Seeing the reaction of Frankenstein and the other humans, the creature vowed to hunt down and destroy Victor for bestowing such looks upon this creatureââ¬â¢s body. What the monster was looking for was love, and he never found any, but he had plenty. The monster loved Victor for letting him live. The monster didnââ¬â¢t know this until the end. He found out that to give someone life was to give them the ultimate show of affection and love. At anytime in the monsterââ¬â¢s life he could have killed Victor, especially when he was weak. Victor said ââ¬Å"...for I was a shattered wreckââ¬âthe shadow of a human being; my strength was gone..â⬠(page 175). If the monster was as mean and hateful as he appears, he could have crushed Victor with his enormous hands and unbelievable strength. Why didnââ¬â¢t he then, because to kill your creator is to kill yourself, plus you must love your creator for life. promunbladed1989http://www.blogger.com/profile/03130500171268861803noreply@blogger.com0